{"id":11614,"date":"2021-08-30T06:27:07","date_gmt":"2021-08-30T06:27:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=11614"},"modified":"2021-08-30T06:27:11","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T06:27:11","slug":"sau-nam-sau-thuong-dinh-cop21-paris","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=11614","title":{"rendered":"<strong>S\u00e1u n\u0103m sau Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh COP21 Paris<\/strong><br><span style='color:#00a0ff;font-size:.9em;font-weight:500;'>TS Mai Thanh Truy\u1ebft<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11615\" width=\"499\" height=\"288\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-5.jpg 609w, https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-5-300x173.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-5-465x269.jpg 465w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\" \/><figcaption>___________________________<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 6 l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0y M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi. N\u0103m nay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Pakistan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y do Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng LHQ \u2013 UNEP kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110\u01b0a ra th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o b\u00ean l\u1ec1 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng LHQ l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 n\u0103m &#8211; \u00a0Fifth UN Environment Assembly (UNEA-5), C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Pakistan, ki\u00eam B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, <strong>Malik Amin Aslam<\/strong>, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh UNEP <strong><em>Inger Andersen<\/em><\/strong> th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn <strong><em>t\u00ednh c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/em><\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a <strong><em>Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Imran Khan<\/em><\/strong>, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Pakistan &#8211; trong m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng tham v\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi &#8211; c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c khu r\u1eebng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc 10 t\u1ef7 c\u00e2y trong 5 n\u0103m. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c r\u1eebng ng\u1eadp m\u1eb7n v\u00e0 r\u1eebng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e2y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, bao g\u1ed3m tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, cao \u0111\u1eb3ng, c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u00e0nh \u0111ai xanh. Pakistan \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp <strong><em>Qu\u1ef9 Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i<\/em><\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u200b\u200bph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau sinh th\u00e1i bao g\u1ed3m tr\u1ed3ng r\u1eebng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/image-33.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-5526\" width=\"341\" height=\"192\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean LHQ k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2021 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n B\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu. K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch tr\u00ean nh\u1eb1m <strong><em>m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i b\u1ecb suy tho\u00e1i v\u00e0 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00ed h\u1eadu<\/em><\/strong>, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u lo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng an ninh l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, cung c\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 sinh k\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed3i sinh c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng ch\u1ee9a carbon t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean &#8211; ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t than b\u00f9n &#8211; c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu 25% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030 so v\u1edbi kh\u00ed ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i n\u0103m 1997 (Protocol Kyoto). Vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tinh \u0111ang \u1ea5m l\u00ean, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng. <em>Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00f3 3,2 t\u1ef7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi &#8211; 40% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi &#8211; ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 suy tho\u00e1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0u m\u1ee1 ho\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tin t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 Ng\u00e0y M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u0103m nay. Trong h\u01a1n 15 n\u0103m qua, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 b\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 Ng\u00e0y M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2020, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u201ct\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh\u201d n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do duy nh\u1ee9t: \u201d<strong><em>Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee9 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u2013 C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u201cn\u00f3i\u201d tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 &#8211; V\u00e0 m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n \u201cv\u0169 nh\u01b0 c\u1ea9n\u201d<\/em><\/strong>\u201d!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u0103m nay, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00eau l\u00ean v\u00e0i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng k\u00fd k\u1ebft qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf trong Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh COP15 t\u1ea1i Paris v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2015. Nh\u1eefng k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0 l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra bi\u1ebft bao tranh c\u00e3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay\u20262021, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u1ea7n s\u00e1u n\u0103m qua.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" type=\"1\"><li><strong><em>Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a v\u00e0 k\u00fd k\u1ebft sau COP21 Paris<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u0103m nay, 2021 United Nations Climate Change Conference (COP26) s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 \u2013 12 Th\u00e1ng 11 t\u1ea1i <strong><em>Glasgow, Scotland, UK<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a IPCC &#8211; Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, t\u1eeb nay cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2038, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i \u0111a 1.000 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n kh\u00ed Carbonic v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 140 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 1.900 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n CO<sub>2<\/sub> \u0111\u00e3 bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta r\u1ed3i, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Khoa V\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford, Anh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-background\" style=\"background-color:#fcface\"><em><strong>Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 l\u1eabn ngh\u00e8o kh\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i cam k\u1ebft h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO<sub>2 <\/sub>nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 h\u00e2m n\u00f3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i x\u00f3a b\u1ecf kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh (greenhouse effect) do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u0169ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh (12\/12), hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 187 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi ti\u1ebft c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Paris. V\u0103n ki\u1ec7n n\u1ea7y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c duy\u1ec7t x\u00e9t 5 n\u0103m m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. M\u1ee9c duy\u1ec7t x\u00e9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u0103m 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>2. Nghi v\u1ea5n trong \u201ccam k\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1p l\u00fd\u201d:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>C\u1ea3n ng\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/em><\/strong>, m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra cam k\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc g\u00ec c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n;<\/li><li><strong><em>Tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf<\/em><\/strong>, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hay ch\u0103ng? M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 cam k\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u201cs\u1ea1ch\u201d, \u00edt ph\u00f3ng th\u00edch kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu ch\u1ecbu gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cho ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c.<\/li><li><strong><em>Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/em><\/strong>: Li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0u \u1edf B\u1eafc b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u1ed7i n\u0103m 100 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0o <strong><em>Qu\u1ef9 Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Xanh<\/em><\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o \u1edf Nam b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u201c<strong>t\u00ednh r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c<\/strong>\u201d, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u00e0o Qu\u1ef9 Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Xanh h\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau 100 T\u1ef7 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m cho to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 2015 cho \u0111\u1ebfn 2020. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u201cc\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn\u201d m\u1ed9t khi LHQ qua Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf khuynh \u0111\u1ea3o. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng ra l\u00e0 Trung C\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ee9c duy\u1ec7t x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a LHQ sau 5 n\u0103m (2020) \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Trung C\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i CO<sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh<\/strong>. Cam k\u1ebft n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020, TC \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO2 t\u0103ng 20% so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c 2015;<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>M\u1ecdi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trong s\u1ed1 100 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim cho Qu\u1ef9 Kh\u00ed h\u1eadu Xanh h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u201c\u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a\u201d nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7!<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Hoa K\u1ef3, Ph\u00e1p, Anh, \u0110\u1ee9c, Nh\u1ef1t\u2026\u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed Carbonic, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3\u2026h\u1ee9a.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2020. L\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a v\u00e0 k\u00fd k\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng n\u0103m\u2026 2025, 2030, 2040, 2050, v\u00e0 2100!<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>3. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 2030<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi t\u00ednh l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u0103m 2030, h\u00ecnh dung ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u201cm\u1edf\u201d ra kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh <strong><em>c\u1ed1 \u00fd minh b\u1ea1ch<\/em><\/strong> (intentionally transparent). Ch\u00ednh n\u00e9t suy ngh\u0129 m\u1edf n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng ni\u1ec1m tin trong d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n cung \u1ee9ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m h\u01a1n l\u00ean. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>C\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0: &#8211; Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, &#8211; \u201cM\u1ea1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ea1n v\u1eadt\u201d (Internet of Things -IoT), &#8211; v\u00e0 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nano \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. S\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t &#8216;ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u1edbi\u201d (new Norm), trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy nguy\u00ean t\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, t\u00e1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac<\/em> <em>v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030, kh\u00f4ng ai n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n; n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c. C\u00e1c \u201cs\u00e2n ch\u01a1i c\u1ee9ng\u201d (hard playground) trong s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u1ea3m s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Ch\u00fang ta t\u1eebng kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00e1ng \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2010, khi h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u2013 nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf cho vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030 s\u1ebd ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean c\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i carbon tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng (net-zero) t\u1eeb ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng pin b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng \u0111\u00e3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3m 30% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i, mang c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a Th\u1ecfa \u01b0\u1edbc Paris COP21. \u0110\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i, khi nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t \u00edt danh m\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n t\u1eeb t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia v\u00e0 doanh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta so v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p pin. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (cell-powered) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra 10 tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, th\u00eam 150 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la cung cho n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111i\u1ec7n cho 600 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u1ea3m nhanh t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m cho gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, t\u0103ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-bien-doi.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11616\" width=\"370\" height=\"238\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-bien-doi.jpg 520w, https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-bien-doi-300x193.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-bien-doi-465x300.jpg 465w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm b\u1eaft th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eb1m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m, bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tai \u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn v\u1ec1 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1c quan v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u1ea3 thi cao nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m 2030?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n sau n\u0103m 2030<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Trong chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng suy ngh\u0129 tr\u00ean, h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2030, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i CO<sub>2<\/sub> c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t xa. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ea1n th\u1edf s\u1ea1ch h\u01a1n. Thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111ang h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c. Thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu trong chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra cho n\u0103m 2030 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>H\u00ecnh dung khi b\u1ea1n b\u01b0\u1edbc ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1eeda v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 xanh v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn g\u1ecdi xe Taxi\/Uber. M\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n trong cell phone c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng minh nh\u1ea5t cho chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3n b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i. V\u00ec h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5m xe h\u01a1i t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n. N\u00f3 r\u1ebb h\u01a1n khi b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu chi\u1ebfc xe ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1eafc ngh\u1ebdn; v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian t\u00ecm ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1eadu xe. S\u1ebd c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt xe tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec7n trong th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 do n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cxanh\u201d cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng nh\u1ef1a (plastic) x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh\u2026huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i. Khi b\u1ea1n mua m\u1ed9t d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n mua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec b\u1ea1n mua \u00edt th\u1ee9 h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. <strong><em>T\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i (r\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) &#8211; T\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng &#8211;\u00a0 Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u &#8211; T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf &#8211; Refuse, Reuse, Reduce, Recycle<\/em><\/strong>\u2026 l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i nh\u00ecn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt. M\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 chi cho c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5: d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p, l\u00e0m v\u01b0\u1eddn, gi\u00fap gi\u1eb7t gi\u0169, b\u1eefa \u0103n l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh d\u1ec5 n\u1ea5u, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng\u2026 T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u mang l\u1ea1i cho \u201ccon ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i trung b\u00ecnh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng sinh ho\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u00ec gi\u1edd cho nh\u1eefng sinh ho\u1ea1t tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00e2m linh h\u01a1n\u2026nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, c\u1ea7u nguy\u1ec7n, s\u00e1m h\u1ed1i ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ebf ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2030 l\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng gian, v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1eed x\u00e9t xem tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn tranh nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Xin th\u01b0a, sau khi x\u00e9t b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i, Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c cho th\u1ea5y th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ghi ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. <em>V\u0103n ph\u00f2ng LHQ v\u1ec1 Ma t\u00fay v\u00e0 T\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 5:1, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft do c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Brazil, Colombia v\u00e0 Mexico g\u1ea5p 5 l\u1ea7n h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u01b0 Afghanistan, Syria v\u00e0 Yemen<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o ra b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u1edf M\u1ef9, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf 40 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 12.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. \u1ede M\u1ef9 La-tinh, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 trong b\u1ea3y qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t trong 10 n\u0103m t\u1edbi s\u1ebd c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1ng h\u01a1n 365.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>H\u01b0\u1edfng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n trong Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n LHQ<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sau 10 n\u0103m can thi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 song h\u00e0nh b\u00ean nhau, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 New Delhi, Peking \u2026 s\u1ebd quang \u0111\u1ea3ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi xanh trong su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0110i\u1ec1u thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111en t\u1ed1i \u1edf n\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, 2030 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn s\u1edbm c\u00e1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe do s\u1ef1 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>M\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 cung \u1ee9ng m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n xanh cho b\u1ea1n<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9nh trang th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t h\u1ecda nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Th\u01b0c s\u1ef1 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng? R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-bao-ve-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11617\" width=\"293\" height=\"252\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-bao-ve-1.jpg 370w, https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-bao-ve-1-300x258.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 293px) 100vw, 293px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980, khi th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u201cb\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 tr\u1ebb em\u201d (baby boomers) \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1c v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed r\u1ea5t cao. M\u1ed9t ngo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cape Town l\u00e0 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, cho n\u00ean Ban \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 dung ch\u1ee9a h\u1ebft 100% di\u1ec7n t\u00edch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u01b0a?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi sau khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0: &#8211; Tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 17% s\u1ed1 gi\u1edd gi\u1ea3ng trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc, ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 th\u00f4i! V\u00e0 trong 30 n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Cape Town \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng sinh vi\u00ean g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i trong khu\u00f4n vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1edbn n\u00e0o, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u1eddi khoa bi\u1ec3u h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc h\u1ee3p l\u00fd h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u1edf c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cao t\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho gi\u1edd cao \u0111i\u1ec3m; c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mang t\u00ean \u201c<strong><em>Bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u1edf \u00dac<\/em><\/strong>\u201d (Transforming Australian Cities) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n ranh gi\u1edbi t\u00e0u \u0111i\u1ec7n ng\u1ea7m hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 110 t\u1ef7 \u0110\u00f4 la chi ph\u00ed c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng trong h\u01a1n 50 n\u0103m cho m\u1ed7i 1 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0 ng\u1ee5 th\u00eam v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>T\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn cho n\u0103m 2030 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u01a1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edbi v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 giao th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u0111i b\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c giao th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qua nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t h\u1ecda tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m 2030 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khung tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, tham v\u1ecdng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, tham v\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t tr\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb con ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng v\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1c s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e8 n\u1eb7ng n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 2030 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n m\u1edbi tr\u00ean h\u00e0nh tinh ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ed9t \u2026Thi\u00ean \u0110\u00e0ng H\u1ea1 Gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng truy t\u00ecm?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u00fang ta ch\u1edd xem t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em><strong>4. <\/strong><\/em><strong><em>Thay l\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Qua n\u1ed9i dung nh\u1eefng tin t\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 trong su\u1ed1t g\u1ea7n s\u00e1u n\u0103m qua, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y g\u00ec?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00f4ng \u1ed5n trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t trong Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn COP21?<\/li><li>Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng, trong t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a 196 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho 196 qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111i ph\u00f3 h\u1ed9i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh COP21 c\u00f3 l\u1ea5n c\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec\u201d (cho t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc), \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i, khi Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft trong \u201cg\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e9p\u201d m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c<strong><em>Th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d hay \u201cTh\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t\u201d?<\/em><\/strong><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i 196 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n tuy \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng d\u1ecb m\u1ed9ng? <\/em><\/strong><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft, trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2000 \u0111\u1ebfn 2010, s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a kh\u00ed th\u1ea3i nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh t\u0103ng nhanh h\u01a1n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1980 \u0111\u1ebfn 1990. <strong><em>V\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng nh\u1ee9t so v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014<\/em><\/strong>, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed t\u0103ng l\u00ean trung b\u00ecnh \u1edf m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t cho th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 0,9<sup>0<\/sup>C, cao h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1880 tr\u1edf \u0111i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 v\u00e0 v\u0103n minh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1edbi trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 h\u00e2m n\u00f3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201cS\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu \u2013 The climate change\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft \u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, thi\u1ebfu nhi\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc trong vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u1eefu h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 Trung C\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111ang khuynh \u0111\u1ea3o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i?<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 hai khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ngang ng\u1eeda, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u201cthay \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00ed h\u1eadu to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u201d n\u1ea7y:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><em><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ee9t cho r\u1eb1ng:<\/span><\/strong> Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t chuy\u1ec3n v\u1eadn theo <strong>chu k\u1ef3 \u1ea4m \u2013 L\u1ea1nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean<\/strong>. Khi d\u00e2n Viking b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u di c\u01b0 v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia B\u1eafc \u00c2u, v\u00e0 Ireland cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 th\u1ee9 8 v\u00ec\u2026<strong>chu k\u1ef3 L\u1ea1nh<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt v\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i. V\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20, ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ea7y l\u00e0 bu\u1ed5i b\u00ecnh minh c\u1ee7a <strong>chu k\u1ef3 \u1ea4m<\/strong>?<\/em><\/li><li><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\"><strong>Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ee9 hai nh\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ecbnh:<\/strong><\/span> Tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3ng l\u00ean l\u00e0 do s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed Carbonic do k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u1edbt vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO<sub>2 <\/sub>t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 h\u00e2m n\u00f3ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Theo \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a IPCC, t\u1eeb nay cho \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2038, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i \u0111a 1.000 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n kh\u00ed Carbonic v\u00e0o kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 140 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f3 1.900 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n CO<sub>2<\/sub> \u0111\u00e3 bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta r\u1ed3i, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Khoa V\u1eadt l\u00fd, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Oxford, Anh.<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 sao \u0111i n\u1eefa, d\u00f9 c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa, ch\u00fang ta v\u1eabn nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n \u201cn\u00f3ng\u201d l\u00ean trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia (v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m li\u00ean \u0111\u1edbi.<\/em><em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e3o nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf (v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i tr\u00ean:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-bao-ve.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11618\" width=\"434\" height=\"290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-bao-ve.jpg 526w, https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-bao-ve-300x201.jpg 300w, https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/khi-hau-moi-truong-bao-ve-465x311.jpg 465w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 434px) 100vw, 434px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li><strong><em>Ti\u1ec1n<\/em><\/strong>: Thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ea1ch, c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn ch\u1eadm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp;<\/li><li><strong><em>Ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t h\u1eb3n vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch<\/em><\/strong>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u1ea7y kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 v\u00ec, n\u1ebfu l\u1ea5y Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0m th\u00ed d\u1ee5, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng than \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 n\u1ea7y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng cho 250 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng than trong m\u1ed9t s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u201ch\u00f3a kh\u00ed\u201d \u2013 \u201cgasification\u201d than \u0111\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng, gi\u1ea3m h\u01a1n 90% vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub> so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1t than \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp;<\/li><li><strong><em>Vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o<\/em><\/strong> (renewable energies) c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i v\u00ec, n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o nh\u01b0 th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed nh\u00e0 k\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n v\u00f9ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 Ng\u00e0y M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u0103m nay 2021 c\u1ed5 s\u00fay cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c ho\u1ea1t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u;<\/li><li><strong><em>VI\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c<\/em><\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00ed h\u1eadu kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u ngu\u1ed3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt. C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed Carbonic;<\/li><li><strong><em>Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i x\u00e9t l\u1ea1i th\u00f3i quen v\u00e0 cung c\u00e1ch \u0103n u\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u0103n qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u \u201cth\u1ecbt\u201d nh\u01b0 \u1edf Hoa K\u1ef3?<\/em><\/strong><\/li><li>M\u1ed9t g\u1ee3i \u00fd kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa l\u00e0, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n ph\u00e1t th\u1ea3i kh\u00ed CO<sub>2<\/sub> v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n do \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng qu\u1ed1c gia, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra l\u00e0 \u201cl\u00e0m ngu\u1ed9i tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch <strong><em>\u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o b\u1ea7u kh\u00ed quy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp m\u00e2y tinh th\u1ec3<\/em><\/strong> &#8211; Salt crystal clouds\u2026\u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn b\u1edbt tia s\u00e1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi do hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu g\u00e2y ra. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khoa h\u1ecdc gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 <strong>neo-energie<\/strong> (n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t s\u1ebd b\u1edbt\u2026n\u00f3ng l\u00ean!<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ch\u1eebng \u1ea5y suy ngh\u0129 thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 c\u0169ng qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ee7 cho c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 vi\u1ec5n ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i suy g\u1eabm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>C\u00f2n ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00fang ta, v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t <strong>ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u<\/strong>, <strong>\u00fd th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb trong TIM v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng do \u00dd CH\u00cd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng qua \u2026L\u1edcI N\u00d3I!<\/strong><\/em><strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>TS Mai Thanh Truy\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc &amp; K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u2013 VAST<\/em><\/strong><br><strong><em>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho COP 26 \u2013 11- 2021<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng 6 l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0y M\u00f4i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi. N\u0103m nay t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Pakistan. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y do Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng LHQ \u2013 UNEP kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u1eb1m th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u01b0a ra th\u00f4ng<span class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=11614\">\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp&#8230;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11618,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,57],"tags":[212,275,99,352],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-11614","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-chuyenmuc","category-giaoduc-vanhoc-lichsu","tag-chuyen-de","tag-khi-hau","tag-moi-truong","tag-o-nhiem"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11614","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=11614"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11614\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/11618"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=11614"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=11614"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=11614"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}