{"id":13417,"date":"2022-02-04T08:59:13","date_gmt":"2022-02-04T08:59:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=13417"},"modified":"2022-02-04T08:59:25","modified_gmt":"2022-02-04T08:59:25","slug":"vua-quang-trung-chien-thang-dong-da-nam-ky-dau-1789","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=13417","title":{"rendered":"Vua QUANG TRUNG: Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a n\u0103m K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu 1789<\/strong>
GS Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00fd T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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________________________<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ed4 T\u00daC M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 S\u1eec LI\u1ec6U V\u1ec0 CHI\u1ebeN TH\u1eaeNG \u0110\u1ed0NG \u0110A<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • Vua Quang Trung \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i: d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 r\u01a1m cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f2n l\u0103n \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n?<\/mark><\/em><\/li>
  • T\u1ea1i sao \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ti\u1ec1n Bi\u00ean (quy\u1ec3n 30) v\u00e0 Kh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c (quy\u1ec3n 27) ghi ch\u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau?<\/mark><\/em><\/li>
  • S\u1eed nh\u00e0 Thanh v\u00e0 s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n: b\u00ean n\u00e0o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n?<\/mark><\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng \u00e1o v\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o s\u1eed s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u00e0i qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. C\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n T\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng oai h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a vua Quang Trung qua tr\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng 5 T\u1ebft K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu (30-01-1789). H\u00f4m nay, ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n Xu\u00e2n v\u1ec1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn qu\u00fd v\u1ecb b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sau \u0111\u00e2y d\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u00e3n quan c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1eed h\u1ecdc, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng s\u1eed li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3, v\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc, g\u1ea1t ra ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m hay \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    T\u00e2y S\u01a1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n, T\u00e2y S\u01a1n h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Tr\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3\u00a0 r\u1ea3nh tay di\u1ec7t Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh v\u00e0o Quy Nh\u01a1n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho T\u00e2y S\u01a1n chi\u1ebfm Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n r\u1ed3i th\u1eb3ng ra Th\u0103ng Long ph\u00f2 L\u00ea di\u1ec7t Tr\u1ecbnh…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf T\u00e2y S\u01a1n n\u0103m 1772, chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Quy Nh\u01a1n, Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn ra kinh \u0111\u00f4 Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m Gi\u00e1p Ng\u1ecd (\u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1775), t\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u0169 Ph\u00fac \u0111em qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfm Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a, ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac Thu\u1ea7n \u0111em v\u1ee3, con g\u00e1i v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e1u l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u00c1nh ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf t\u1eed Hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng…T\u00e2y S\u01a1n h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Tr\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n \u1edf Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         N\u0103m M\u1eadu Tu\u1ea5t (1778), ch\u00faa Nguy\u1ec5n b\u1ecb T\u00e2y S\u01a1n gi\u1ebft \u1edf Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh. T\u1ea1i Quy NH\u01a1n, Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c t\u1ef1 l\u1eadp l\u00e0m vua ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Th\u00e1i \u0110\u1ee9c. T\u1ea1i B\u1eafc H\u00e0, ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh S\u00e2m m\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c quan chia l\u00e0m hai phe: phe \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f4ng, con tr\u01b0\u1edfng Tr\u1ecbnh S\u00e2m v\u00e0 phe \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Tr\u1ecbnh C\u00e1n, con c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb7ng Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i ch\u00faa. L\u00ednh Tam Ph\u1ee7 (th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ki\u00eau binh) n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n, l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 Tr\u1ecbnh C\u00e1n, gi\u1ebft Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u00ecnh B\u1ea3o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u phe \u0110\u1eb7ng Th\u1ecb Hu\u1ec7, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u01b0a Tr\u1ecbnh T\u00f4ng l\u00ean ng\u00f4i…Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n em c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u00ecnh B\u1ea3o ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o Quy Nh\u01a1n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh B\u1eafc H\u00e0 cho Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n ti\u1ebfn ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c cho em l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 th\u1eeba th\u1eafng, k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n th\u1eb3ng ra chi\u1ebfm Th\u0103ng Long l\u1ea5y danh ngh\u0129a \u201cph\u00f2 L\u00ea, di\u1ec7t Tr\u1ecbnh\u201d. Vua L\u00ea g\u1ea3 con g\u00e1i l\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc H\u00e2n cho Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eady nh\u1edd th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, gi\u1eef ngai v\u00e0ng. Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c nghe tin Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 ra B\u1eafc li\u1ec1n \u0111u\u1ed5i theo Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7, khuy\u00ean em n\u00ean tr\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i cho vua L\u00ea, r\u1ed3i k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

         Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n \u0111em theo 60 thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u01a1 v\u00e9t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong kho t\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a vua L\u00ea, ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh. Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m n\u1ea7y. Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n b\u1eaft giam v\u1ee3 con Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng cho ra Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n. Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111em qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Quy Nh\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1nh Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Sau khi bi\u1ebft tin anh em T\u00e2y S\u01a1n ban \u0111\u00eam \u00e2m th\u1ea7m b\u1ecf Th\u0103ng Long r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 Nam, Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh li\u1ec1n k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y theo T\u00e2y S\u01a1n. Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c b\u00e8n cho Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf l\u1ea1i gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea5t Ngh\u1ec7 An.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i r\u1ed3i th\u00ec con ch\u00e1u h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Th\u0103ng Long \u00e1p b\u1ee9c vua L\u00ea. Vua L\u00ea k\u00eau c\u1ee9u Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh…Trong khi Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e1nh nhau th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An \u0111em qu\u00e2n ra Th\u0103ng Long ph\u00f2 L\u00ea di\u1ec7t Tr\u1ecbnh. Phe \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh b\u1ecb Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i, ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y, vua L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng b\u00e8n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u1ee7 ch\u00faa. Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean thay th\u1ebf vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf B\u1eafc H\u00e0.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tin Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh \u0111i kh\u1ecfi Ngh\u1ec7 An, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 li\u1ec1n sai V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm t\u1eeb H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111em qu\u00e2n ra chi\u1ebfm Ngh\u1ec7 An v\u00e0 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo d\u00f5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh vua L\u00ea \u1edf Th\u0103ng Long. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11, 1786 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 5, 1787, Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh n\u1eafm h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi quy\u1ec1n h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng coi vua L\u00ea ra g\u00ec. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang th\u01b0 v\u00e0o Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f2i Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea5t Ngh\u1ec7 An cho vua L\u00ea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2. Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh thao t\u00fang B\u1eafc H\u00e0 n\u00ean b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n<\/strong> T\u00e2y S\u01a1n gi\u1ebft, L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 Thanh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e8n sai V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm, con r\u1ec3 Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c, v\u00e0 hai t\u01b0\u1edbng Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf, Phan V\u0103n L\u00e2n \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb Ngh\u1ec7 An ra B\u1eafc di\u1ec7t Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh. Ng\u00e0y 01 th\u00e1ng 11 \u0110inh M\u00f9i (09\/12\/1787) qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadm v\u00e0o Th\u0103ng Long, Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh b\u1ecb phanh th\u00e2y. Vua L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng l\u1ea9n tr\u1ed1n trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n do L\u00ea Qu\u00fdnh c\u00f9ng Th\u00e1i H\u1eadu qua Trung Hoa c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 Thanh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Trong khi Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 b\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh \u1edf B\u1eafc H\u00e0 th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u00c1nh t\u1eeb Xi\u00eam tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Long Xuy\u00ean. Nh\u1edd Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00fap, Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u00fac \u00c1nh \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1 \u0110a L\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn gi\u00fap, \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea5t Gia \u0110\u1ecbnh. Ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng 8 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch n\u0103m M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n (t\u1ee9c 7 th\u00e1ng 9, 1788) \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Nguy\u1ec5n L\u1eef ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 Quy Nh\u01a1n v\u00e0 ch\u1ebft \u1edf \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3. Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 gi\u1ebft V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

         V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm thay Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc H\u00e0, \u00f4ng cho l\u00ednh \u0111i l\u1ee5c x\u00e9t t\u1eebng nh\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u00e1u v\u1eadt trong cung vua b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t trong th\u1eddi gian lo\u1ea1n l\u1ea1c. Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n tuy chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u0103ng Long nh\u01b0ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vua L\u00ea ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh. \u0110inh T\u00edch Nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng, Ho\u00e0ng Vi\u1ebft Tuy\u1ec3n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf v\u00f9ng H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Kinh B\u1eafc (B\u1eafc Ninh). V\u00ec th\u1ebf, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i huy \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam x\u00e2y th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eafp l\u0169y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng b\u1ecb. V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm c\u0169ng t\u1ecf ra h\u1ed1ng h\u00e1ch khi\u1ebfn cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u00ec m\u1ea5t tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01b0a c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u00ec l\u1eabn tr\u00e1nh, \u1ea9n th\u00e2n n\u01a1i qu\u00ea nh\u00e0.V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm l\u00e0 con r\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c m\u00e0 gi\u1eefa Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i hi\u1ec1m kh\u00edch t\u1eeb khi ra B\u1eafc tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u0103m 1786. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm l\u00e0m tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 B\u1eafc H\u00e0, nh\u01b0ng Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1eb7t Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf theo d\u00f5i h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadm \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eadt b\u00e1o cho \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. Theo Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed (trang 173) v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean (quy\u1ec3n 30 trang 28, 30) th\u00ec Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf khuy\u00ean V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t quan cai tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1eb7t L\u00ea Duy C\u1ea9n l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m Qu\u1ed1c sau khi L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf trong th\u00e0nh. Nh\u01b0ng V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu, \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1eb7t L\u00ea Duy C\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1eb1ng sau \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu Ch\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. L\u00ea Duy C\u1ea9n l\u00e0 con c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Hi\u1ec3n T\u00f4ng, anh c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ecdc H\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean l\u00e0m vua sau khi L\u00ea Hi\u1ec3n T\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft…nh\u01b0ng ho\u00e0ng gia l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ecdn ch\u00e1u \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a vua L\u00ea l\u00e0 L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3 t\u1ee9c L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng, theo di chi\u1ebfu. V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm ng\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7 \u1edf Th\u0103ng Long v\u00e0 sai c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eb9p c\u00e1c n\u01a1i. Th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 tham v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm n\u00ean Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft t\u1edd tr\u00ecnh b\u1eaft Phan V\u0103n L\u00e2n c\u00f9ng k\u00fd v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1edfi cho Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee9c t\u1ed1c ra B\u1eafc. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u0103ng Long v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam, kh\u00f4ng cho V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm bi\u1ebft, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf ra \u0111\u00f3n. Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ebfn ngay dinh c\u1ee7a V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm, cho \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n \u00e1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u1ed9i tr\u1ea1ng, v\u00e0 sai m\u1ed9t v\u00f5 s\u0129 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n L\u1ee3i thi h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n \u00e1n, ch\u00e9m \u0111\u1ea7u V\u00f5 V\u0103n Nh\u1eadm ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t \u00f4ng r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb7t Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf l\u00ean thay. Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ngay m\u1ed9t B\u1ed9 Tham M\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. B\u1ed9 Tham M\u01b0u g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n nh\u01b0 Phan V\u0103n L\u00e2n, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n D\u0169ng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tuy\u1ebft (ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7)…v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a vua L\u00ea ch\u00faa Tr\u1ecbnh theo T\u00e2y S\u01a1n nh\u01b0 Phan Huy \u00cdch, Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi Nhi\u1ec7m, Ninh T\u1ed1n, Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 L\u00e2n…Nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb khoa b\u1ea3ng nh\u00e0 L\u00ea kh\u00f4ng theo T\u00e2y S\u01a1n nh\u01b0 B\u00f9i Huy B\u00edch (gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Tham T\u1ee5ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ee7 T\u01b0\u1edbng), Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u00fd Th\u00edch, Nguy\u1ec5n Huy Tr\u1ea1c, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u1ee3p, v.v…\u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea ho\u1eb7c l\u00e1nh m\u1eb7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 cho ph\u00e9p Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdp B\u1ed9 Tham M\u01b0u b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho th\u1eadt chu \u0111\u00e1o. \u00d4ng khuy\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t c\u0169, m\u1edbi, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec1m kh\u00edch chia r\u1ebd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u1edf B\u1eafc H\u00e0, v\u00ec th\u1ebf khi nghe tin L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang l\u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Ch\u00ed Linh t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng trong v\u00f9ng \u0110inh T\u00edch Nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf li\u1ec1n cho m\u1ed9t to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n nh\u1ecf \u0111i b\u1eaft vua. Nh\u01b0ng to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Quang Chi\u00eau \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch. S\u1edf li\u1ec1n cho \u0111\u1ea1i binh \u0111\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng vua \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed1n qua tr\u1ea5n S\u01a1n Nam \u1edf trong nh\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u0103ng Qu\u1ef9 v\u00e0 nh\u1edd l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Vi\u1ebft Tuy\u1ec3n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7. Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf b\u1eaft cha m\u1eb9, v\u1ee3 con Ho\u00e0ng Vi\u1ebft Tuy\u1ec3n vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 khuy\u00ean Tuy\u1ec3n ra h\u00e0ng. Nh\u01b0ng Tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. S\u1edf b\u00e8n cho cha m\u1eb9 v\u1ee3 con c\u1ee7a Tuy\u1ec3n ng\u1ed3i thuy\u1ec1n \u0111i tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng b\u1eafc loa k\u00eau g\u1ecdi…Tuy\u1ec3n th\u1ea5y v\u1eady b\u00e8n r\u00fat qu\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y, qu\u00e2n Tuy\u1ec3n tan r\u00e3, Tuy\u1ec3n b\u1ecf tr\u1ed1n. Vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng tr\u1ed1n v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng Thanh H\u00f3a, S\u1edf kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4. Qu\u00e2n Thanh x\u00e2m l\u0103ng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0110o\u00e0n t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng do Th\u00e1i H\u1eadu, m\u1eb9 vua L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng g\u1ed3m 64 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua Trung Hoa c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7n nh\u00e0 Thanh. T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng l\u00e0 T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e2u xin vua C\u00e0n Long (t\u1ee9c Cao T\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 Thanh) m\u01b0\u1ee3n danh ngh\u0129a ph\u00f2 L\u00ea \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. S\u00e1ch \u201cKh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c\u201d, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 s\u1eed l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta do Qu\u1ed1c S\u1eed Qu\u00e1n tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, quy\u1ec3n 47 trang 32-33 tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n trong t\u1edd tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb cho bi\u1ebft \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh nh\u01b0 sau:\u201c K\u1ebb k\u1ebf v\u1ecb nh\u00e0 L\u00ea ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u l\u1ea1c, ngh\u0129a n\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap, v\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i An Nam l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u0169 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u00ean sau khi kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng binh m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y, l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u1eeba b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, v\u1eeba l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c An Nam, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng hai vi\u1ec7c\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Th\u00e1ng 10 n\u0103m M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n (t\u1ee9c th\u00e1ng 11, 1788) qu\u00e2n Thanh tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb 4 tr\u1ea5n Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y, Qu\u00fd Ch\u00e2u v\u00e0 V\u00e2n Nam, chia l\u00e0m hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb, T\u1ed5ng \u0110\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng l\u00e0m Ti\u1ebft Ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ed1c H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh l\u00e0m Ph\u00f3 t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y \u0111i v\u00e0o \u1ea2i Nam Quan (L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -\u00d4 \u0110\u1ea1i Kinh ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb V\u00e2n Nam xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o \u0110\u00e0o Giang ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn Tuy\u00ean Quang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng, Tri Ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u. (1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Thanh, T\u1ed5ng Binh Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 T\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00e1nh Th\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long,(2) T\u1ed5ng Binh Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 T\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00fd H\u00f3a Long ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"
    Bia t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i g\u00f2 \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

    Theo \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i Thanh Th\u00f4ng S\u1eed\u201d (s\u1eed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh) trang 137 th\u00ec qu\u00e2n Thanh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i v\u1ea1n: T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u1edf V\u00e2n Nam hai ng\u00e0n c\u00f2n \u0111em v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u00e1m ng\u00e0n. Qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00d4 \u0110\u1ea1i Kinh g\u1ed3m t\u00e1m ng\u00e0n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n theo qu\u00e2n Thanh. C\u00e1c s\u1eed gia c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n l\u01b0\u01a1ng (l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf cho l\u00ednh khi h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n) th\u00ec qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh quy c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh kho\u1ea3ng hai v\u1ea1n, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n m\u1edbi tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eebng m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n. Qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 L\u00ea \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00ednh chung t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 L\u00ea l\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi ba v\u1ea1n. Theo s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ta th\u00ec qu\u00e2n Thanh c\u00f3 hai m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ea1n. S\u1eed nh\u00e0 Thanh c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5, khi T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, \u0111\u00e3 ra m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00f3i l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Thanh c\u00f3 n\u0103m m\u01b0\u01a1i v\u1ea1n, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng thanh th\u1ebf, l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5t tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ban h\u00e0nh t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u lu\u1eadt c\u0103n b\u1ea3n cho l\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    1.Ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    2.Ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn k\u1ebbo b\u1ecb mai ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    3.Ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    4.Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1eefu hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1edbi voi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5.D\u00f9ng l\u00e1 ch\u1eafn b\u1eb1ng da tr\u00e2u s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ecfa h\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    6.Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u phao \u0111\u1ec3 qua s\u00f4ng, khi l\u1ed9i qua s\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb \u01b0\u1edbt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    7.C\u1ee7i, than, rau ph\u1ea3i mua, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01b0\u1edbp; n\u1ebfu \u0111i h\u00e1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng; n\u01b0\u1edbc u\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    8.C\u00e1c quan ph\u1ea3i coi x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0u tu\u1ea5t (tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho l\u00ednh), phu v\u00e0 l\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i t\u1eed t\u1ebf v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         C\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o s\u1eed li\u1ec7u nh\u00e0 Thanh, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn, kh\u00f4ng xem th\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Tr\u1ea5n Th\u1ee7 Th\u0103ng Long l\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin, b\u00e8n h\u1ecdp c\u00e1c quan c\u0169 nh\u00e0 L\u00ea b\u1eaft l\u00e0m th\u01b0 mang l\u00ean \u1ea2i Nam Quan cho T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng trong l\u00fac vua L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea5t t\u00edch t\u00ecm ch\u01b0a ra, h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed L\u00ea Duy C\u1ea9n (ch\u00fa ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a vua) l\u00ean l\u00e0m Gi\u00e1m Qu\u1ed1c, xin h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd tri\u1ec1u c\u1ed1ng Trung Hoa v\u00e0 s\u1ebd r\u01b0\u1edbc Th\u00e1i H\u1eadu tr\u1edf v\u1ec1…m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm k\u1ebf ho\u00e3n binh. Nh\u01b0ng Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi Nhi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb r\u00fat qu\u00e2n c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7y l\u1eabn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 n\u00fai Tam \u0110i\u1ec7p v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec7n S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ee3i Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111em qu\u00e2n ra t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd xem th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         K\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u1ea7y, v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u00e2m l\u00fd ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho \u0111\u1ecbch tr\u1edf n\u00ean ki\u00eau c\u0103ng, khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n gi\u1ea3 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a vua L\u00ea, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u0103ng c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y S\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u1ea7y v\u1ec1 sau qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt linh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 S\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 nghe theo l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi Nhi\u1ec7m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ph\u00e1i b\u1ed9 Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u00fd Nho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1i mang th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ebfn Nam Quan cho T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00ec c\u1eeda bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t r\u1ed3i n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i quay v\u1ec1 Th\u0103ng Long. Ri\u00eang Phan V\u0103n L\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu thi h\u00e0nh l\u1ec7nh r\u00fat qu\u00e2n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng Th\u1ecd X\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Thanh, r\u1ed3i \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long. Qu\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui. Phan V\u0103n L\u00e2n ra l\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1 c\u1ea7u phao. \u0110\u1ecbch k\u1ebft b\u00e8 qua s\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         T\u1eeb 13 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n (1788) b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Thanh cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 17, qu\u00e2n ta ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t. \u0110\u00eam 19, qu\u00e2n ta l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng, H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 huy, c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thuy\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf kho\u1ea3ng ba m\u01b0\u01a1i chi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 ch\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai ng\u00e0n l\u00ednh qua s\u00f4ng. Qu\u00e2n Thanh x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1t tr\u1ea1i T\u00e2y S\u01a1n, qu\u00e2n ta b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng l\u00e2n c\u1eadn nh\u01b0ng s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb d\u00e2n ch\u00fang b\u1eaft n\u1ed9p cho qu\u00e2n Thanh. Ri\u00eang Phan V\u0103n L\u00e2n th\u00ec phi ng\u1ef1a ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 Th\u0103ng Long r\u1ed3i theo Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf r\u00fat v\u1ec1 Tam \u0110i\u1ec7p. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ea5t tr\u1eadn c\u1ee7a L\u00e2n, Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf d\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 11 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch (M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n), qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng H\u00e0. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat \u0111i xa v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 21, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi Tam \u0110i\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n. Qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00e0o Th\u0103ng Long nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00ec chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng n\u00ean h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean ki\u00eau c\u0103ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1m \u0111i\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    5. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n v\u1ec1 L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Thanh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Nghe tin qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng li\u1ec1n cho L\u00ea Duy \u0110\u1ea3n mang th\u01b0 l\u00ean t\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng v\u00e0 xin l\u1ed7i v\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Th\u0103ng Long, vua cho c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111em ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1eef c\u00e1c n\u01a1i\u00a0 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u1eadn v\u1ec7. Khi qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00e0o Th\u0103ng Long th\u00ec vua t\u1eeb Kinh B\u1eafc c\u0169ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 theo sau qu\u00e2n Thanh. Vua cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi mang tr\u00e2u, r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng cho qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u1ec3 khao qu\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y 20-11 M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n (1788), qu\u00e2n Thanh v\u00e0o Th\u0103ng Long, c\u00e1c c\u1ef1u th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 L\u00ea ra \u0111\u1ee9ng hai b\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang l\u1ea1y t\u1ea1. Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 11 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch, T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecdc tuy\u00ean chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a vua nh\u00e0 Thanh phong cho L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m An Nam Qu\u1ed1c V\u01b0\u01a1ng. Vua qu\u1ef3 gi\u1eefa s\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec7n K\u00ednh Thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn s\u1eafc phong. Vua th\u1ea3o t\u1edd bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1 \u01a1n d\u00e2ng l\u00ean vua Thanh, h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n sang ch\u00fac th\u1ecd b\u00e1t tu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a vua C\u00e0n Long (1790, Canh Tu\u1ea5t). M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y vua ph\u1ea3i th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn dinh c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee3i l\u1ec7nh. C\u1ef1u th\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 L\u00ea l\u1ee5c t\u1ee5c k\u00e9o v\u1ec1, h\u1ecdp nhau l\u00ean \u00e1n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo T\u00e2y S\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi vua khi vua l\u00e2m ho\u1ea1n n\u1ea1n. H\u1ecd cho nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 y\u00ean th\u00e2n r\u1ed3i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh T\u00e2y S\u01a1n. Vua quan nh\u00e0 L\u00ea c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 qu\u00e2n Thanh tha h\u1ed3 y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c li\u00ean hoan. B\u1ecdn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa sinh s\u1ed1ng bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n, ch\u00fang d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111i c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c, h\u00e3m hi\u1ebfp d\u00e2n l\u00e0nh. Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed (k\u00fd s\u1ef1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Gia V\u0103n Ph\u00e1i) vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:\u201cGi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ed3ng, gi\u1eefa ch\u1ee3, h\u1ecd (qu\u00e2n Thanh) c\u0169ng c\u01b0\u1edbp gi\u1eadt ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, h\u00e3m hi\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 con g\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ki\u00eang s\u1ee3 g\u00ec\u201d. Vua L\u00ea c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m k\u00eau tr\u00e1ch! D\u00e2n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c B\u1eafc H\u00e0 ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n, th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng, l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ly t\u00e1n…Trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i qu\u00e2n Thanh, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a C\u00e0n Long g\u1edfi cho T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb th\u00ec qu\u00e2n Thanh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111u\u1ed5i theo T\u00e2y S\u01a1n. Ch\u1edd T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 L\u00ea. N\u1ebfu Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 thua th\u00ec \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u00e0 L\u00ea l\u00ean, n\u1ebfu Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 th\u1eafng th\u00ec s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh Hu\u1ec7, sau \u0111\u00f3, chia n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m hai. T\u1eeb Ngh\u1ec7 An tr\u1edf ra trao cho vua L\u00ea, t\u1eeb Ngh\u1ec7 An tr\u1edf v\u00e0o trao cho Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7…Qu\u00e2n Thanh chia ra \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n H\u00e0 H\u1ed3i, Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i, V\u00e2n \u0110i\u1ec3n v\u00e0 Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 L\u00ea \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Gi\u1ea3n Th\u1ee7y. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00ec qu\u00e2n Thanh ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, \u0103n T\u1ebft xong m\u1edbi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u00e1nh T\u00e2y S\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    6. Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Thanh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf cho Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tuy\u1ebft (t\u1ee9c \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Tuy\u1ebft, ch\u00e1u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7) v\u00e0o Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh B\u1eafc H\u00e0 cho Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c tin qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 th\u00e9t l\u00ean:\u201c \u0110\u1ed3 ch\u00f3 m\u00e1, sang \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft\u201d (Theo V\u00e3n L\u00ea D\u1ecb S\u1eed, tr.66). \u0110\u1ec3 cho danh ch\u00ednh ng\u00f4n thu\u1eadn, Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00ean ng\u00f4i ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Quang B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 Quang Trung. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai \u00fd ngh\u0129a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         -Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7, em c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c;<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         -Th\u1ee9 hai, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 B\u1eafc B\u00ecnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

         Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 g\u00ec v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sai tr\u00e1i, m\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1edbi. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t giang s\u01a1n m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 d\u00e2n, c\u00f3 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5, c\u00f3 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ri\u00eang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n danh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u00e2n danh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u0103ng. S\u1eed s\u00e1ch x\u01b0a nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed hay l\u00e0 s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 \u201cB\u00ecnh\u201d kh\u1edfi \u0111i t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3. B\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 B\u1eafc B\u00ecnh V\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Quang B\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c con c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u1ea5y t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Quang nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Quang To\u1ea3n, Nguy\u1ec5n Quang Th\u00f9y,v.v….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u00d4ng cho l\u1eadp \u0111\u00e0n, t\u1ebf c\u00e1o tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ebf. Ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 11 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch n\u0103m M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n (22-12-1788) m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n binh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n n\u00fai Ba V\u00e0nh (ph\u00eda Nam Ng\u1ef1 B\u00ecnh). \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ecdc tuy\u00ean c\u00e1o k\u00eau g\u1ecdi binh s\u0129 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u0103ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201c…Qu\u00e2n Thanh sang x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n n\u01b0\u1edbc ta hi\u1ec7n \u1edf Th\u0103ng Long, c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft ch\u01b0a? Trong kho\u1ea3ng v\u0169 tr\u1ee5, tr\u1eddi n\u00e0o sao \u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam, Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc chia nhau m\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn nay, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5y phen c\u01b0\u1edbp b\u00f3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u01a1 v\u00e9t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i, ai c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang \u0111i. \u0110\u1eddi H\u00e1n c\u00f3 Tr\u01b0ng N\u1eef V\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0110inh Ti\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng, L\u00ea \u0110\u1ea1i H\u00e0nh, \u0111\u1eddi Nguy\u00ean c\u00f3 Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1eddi Minh c\u00f3 L\u00ea Th\u00e1i T\u1ed5, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng n\u1edf ng\u1ed3i nh\u00ecn ch\u00fang l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00e0n b\u1ea1o, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1eadn l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ea5y ngh\u0129a binh, \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn l\u00e0 th\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc. \u1ede c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ea5y, B\u1eafc Nam ri\u00eang ph\u1eadn, b\u1edd c\u00f5i l\u1eb7ng y\u00ean, c\u00e1c vua truy\u1ec1n ng\u00f4i l\u00e2u d\u00e0i…Nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi Thanh l\u1ea1i sang, m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam ta \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m qu\u1eadn huy\u1ec7n, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft tr\u00f4ng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng, Nguy\u00ean, Minh ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ta ph\u1ea3i k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n ra \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang v\u1ec1\u201d (Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ng\u00e0y 29 th\u00e1ng 11 M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n (1788), vua Quang Trung ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n Thu\u1eadn Qu\u1ea3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb Hu\u1ebf ra Ngh\u1ec7 An. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n tinh nhu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap vua b\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfn b\u00e1ch th\u1eafng trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n Xi\u00eam, qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u1ea1c \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n. Trong \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n n\u1ea7y c\u00f3 voi, ng\u1ef1a, thuy\u1ec1n l\u1edbn,v.v…T\u1edbi Ngh\u1ec7 An, \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 10 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n th\u00eam qu\u00e2n, c\u1ee9 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u00ec ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh cho l\u00e0m l\u00ednh. \u0110\u1ea5t Ngh\u1ec7 An v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t anh h\u00f9ng, kh\u00f4ng thi\u1ebfu g\u00ec h\u1ea1ng trai tr\u00e1ng kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, bi\u1ebft v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7, bi\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u1edf hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Gianh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng quen chinh chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m r\u1ed3i. Quang Trung ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi La S\u01a1n Phu T\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ebfp, m\u1ed9t danh s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, \u1ea9n d\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u1ecd Tr\u1ecbnh. Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf v\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi Nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Vua Quang Trung c\u00f3 trong tay kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi hai tr\u0103m con voi (c\u00f3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i h\u01a1n 100 voi). L\u00ednh Thu\u1eadn Qu\u1ea3ng l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u00ednh Ngh\u1ec7 An l\u00e0m trung qu\u00e2n. Th\u1eddi x\u01b0a ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 vua v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi \u0111i ng\u1ef1a hay voi. L\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i \u0111i b\u1ed9. Vua ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee9 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh th\u00ec d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i c\u00e1ng, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e1nh, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngh\u1ec9, thay nhau \u0111i su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam cho mau. T\u1eeb Hu\u1ebf ra \u0111\u1ebfn Tam \u0110i\u1ec7p kho\u1ea3ng 500 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111i trong 10 h\u00f4m (Ngh\u1ec9 \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An 10 h\u00f4m \u0111\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n th\u00eam qu\u00e2n). H\u01a1n 20 ng\u00e0y sau, t\u1ee9c 20 th\u00e1ng Ch\u1ea1p, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn Tam \u0110i\u1ec7p. Vua g\u1eb7p Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf v\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi Nhi\u1ec7m khen k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Ng\u00f4 Th\u1eddi Nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0a ra. Vua c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ch ph\u1ea1t Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n L\u00e2n thua tr\u1eadn. Sau khi b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n, ng\u00e0y 30 th\u00e1ng Ch\u1ea1p trong khi cho l\u00ednh \u0103n T\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc, vua Quang Trung tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1:\u201cNay h\u00e3y \u0103n T\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean \u0110\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn sang Xu\u00e2n, ng\u00e0y  m\u1ed3ng 7 v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long s\u1ebd m\u1edf ti\u1ec7c l\u1edbn. C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i h\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb l\u1ea5y l\u1eddi ta xem c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng?\u201d L\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7y tin t\u01b0\u1edfng, \u0111\u1ea7y quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng \u1ea5y l\u00e0m n\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng binh s\u0129, l\u00e0m cho h\u1ecd h\u0103ng say chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Vua Quang Trung c\u0169ng g\u1edfi cho T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 ch\u00ea Ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 quan v\u0103n m\u00e0 d\u00e1m \u0111em qu\u00e2n sang \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00ec:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n S\u1edf v\u00e0 Phan V\u0103n L\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 huy Ti\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n \u0111i ti\u00ean phong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -H\u00f4 H\u1ed5 H\u1ea7u l\u00e3nh H\u1eadu qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng cho Ti\u1ec1n qu\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -\u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c L\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c Tuy\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 huy H\u1eefu qu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng Th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0o s\u00f4ng L\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ea7u. \u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c Tuy\u1ebft s\u1ebd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00f9ng H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c L\u1ed9c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00f9ng L\u1ea1ng Giang, Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u00e3n, Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n Thanh ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -\u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c B\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c M\u01b0u ch\u1ec9 huy T\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, v\u00e0o Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ee9c, l\u00e0ng Nh\u00e2n M\u1ee5c, huy\u1ec7n Thanh Tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u. \u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c B\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111o\u00e0n voi theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng huy\u1ec7n S\u01a1n L\u00e3ng ra \u0110\u1ea1i \u00c1ng ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng cho m\u1eb7t t\u1ea3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    -Vua Quang Trung ch\u1ec9 huy Trung qu\u00e2n, v\u01b0\u1ee3t S\u01a1n Nam, t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 Huy c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Qu\u00e2n ta l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o 30 T\u1ebft, trong l\u00fac qu\u00e2n Thanh c\u00f2n \u0111ang vui ch\u01a1i \u0103n T\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n Gi\u1ea3n Th\u1ee7y, t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00e0 L\u00ea l\u00e0 L\u00ea Ph\u00f9ng Ngh\u0129a, tr\u1ea5n th\u1ee7 S\u01a1n Nam \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u00e0 b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y. \u0110\u00eam 3 T\u1ebft, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3n H\u00e0 H\u1ed3i, ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i (huy\u1ec7n Th\u01b0\u1eddng T\u00edn, H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng), n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam d\u00f9ng loa h\u00f4 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng, qu\u00e2n s\u0129 d\u1ea1 vang. \u0110\u1ecbch s\u1ee3 cu\u1ed1ng qu\u00fdt, xin h\u00e0ng. Ta t\u1ecbch thu nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n trang, kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi. Tr\u1eadn n\u1ea7y qu\u00e2n ta chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         T\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3n Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i, qu\u00e2n Thanh b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh l\u0169y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, tr\u00ean th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i v\u00f2ng r\u00e0o c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i. Vua Quang Trung ra l\u1ec7nh k\u1ebft ba t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c, b\u1ec7n r\u01a1m \u01b0\u1edbt cho 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u00eang \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, mang theo \u0111o\u1ea3n \u0111ao. C\u00f3 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo sau v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi. Voi ti\u00ean phong m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o.(3)  G\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng m\u1ed3ng 5, qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i. Trong \u0111\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi H\u00e0 H\u1ed3i n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft H\u00e0 H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta chi\u1ebfm. \u0110\u1ea1n trong \u0111\u1ed3n Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i b\u1eafn ra nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a. Voi c\u1ee7a ta x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ph\u00e1 l\u0169y, l\u00ednh theo sau, g\u1ea7n gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecbch th\u00ec b\u1ecf v\u00e1n, nh\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn, d\u00f9ng \u0111o\u1ea3n \u0111ao r\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i. To\u00e1n sau, v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o. Qu\u00e2n Thanh b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, tr\u1ed1n ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea1p tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i c\u1ee7a ta mai ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 b\u1ecb voi c\u1ee7a ta ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p….Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i c\u00e1ch Th\u0103ng Long kho\u1ea3ng 14 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n c\u1ee9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng, do H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh l\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 T\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n V\u0103n \u0110i\u1ec3n, Y\u00ean Quy\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ta chi\u1ebfm. C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Thanh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eed tr\u1eadn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u1edf Th\u0103ng Long \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin b\u00e1o li\u1ec1n cho D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ed3ng Nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng 20 k\u1ef5 s\u0129, c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Kh\u1ea3i \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 L\u00ea Quang Ch\u00e2u theo \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp n\u1eefa r\u1ed3i v\u00ec qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u0103ng Long v\u1edbi c\u1edd dong, tr\u1ed1ng m\u1edf, \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c n\u1ed5 r\u1ec1n tr\u1eddi. T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp mang \u00e1o gi\u00e1p, th\u1eafng y\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00ean ng\u1ef1a ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc, b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 \u1ea5n t\u00edn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ea1i Y\u00ean Ph\u1ee5, th\u1ea5y l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y qua c\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng n\u00ean T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y cho nhanh v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111u\u1ed5i theo. L\u00ednh Thanh r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng, ch\u1ebft r\u00e9t, ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u00e3n (B\u1eafc Ninh) b\u1ecb \u0110\u00f4 \u0110\u1ed1c L\u1ed9c \u0111u\u1ed5i, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9 ch\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb, s\u00e1ch \u201cAn Nam Qu\u00e2n Doanh K\u1ef7 Y\u1ebfu\u201d c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean Nhi\u1ebfp vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:\u201cT\u00f4i v\u1edbi Ch\u1ebf Hi\u1ebfu (T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb) \u0111\u00f3i c\u01a1m, kh\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u00e2u ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, c\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111i su\u1ed1t b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0y, b\u1ea3y \u0111\u00eam m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea5n Nam Quan\u201d.\u00a0 S\u00e1ch Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng:\u201cT\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb s\u1ee3 v\u1ee1 m\u1eadt, ng\u1ef1a kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp \u0111\u00f3ng y\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp m\u1eb7c gi\u00e1p, d\u1eabn b\u1ecdn l\u00ednh k\u1ef5 m\u00e3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh chu\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc qua c\u1ea7u phao, r\u1ed3i nh\u0103m h\u01b0\u1edbng B\u1eafc m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y\u201d. (b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c V\u00e2n …s\u0111d, trang 226) Theo \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean, c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n\u00a0 \u0111\u00e3 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Thanh sau tr\u1eadn Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i nh\u01b0 sau \u201c\u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh l\u00e0 H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh, T\u1ed5ng binh l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Th\u0103ng, Tri ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u l\u00e0 S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft c\u1ea3. T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u1edf b\u00e3i c\u00e1t nghe tin b\u00e1o, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh c\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 B\u1eafc, t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129 tranh c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 sang s\u00f4ng, c\u1ea7u g\u00e3y \u00f4m l\u1ea5y nhau x\u00f4 nhau l\u0103n xu\u1ed1ng s\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed1i k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n, n\u1ee9\u01a1c s\u00f4ng Nh\u1ecb H\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u1ea3y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d (\u0110NLTCB,s\u0111d, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, trang 519)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"
    Vua Quang Trung<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

         \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n V\u00e2n Nam v\u00e0 Qu\u00fd Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, V\u0129nh Y\u00ean nghe tin T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y, c\u0169ng r\u00fat qu\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1. Vua Quang Trung ra l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n ta \u0111u\u1ed5i theo cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa \u1edf g\u1ea7n L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n Thanh r\u00fat ch\u1ea1y v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean c\u0169ng b\u1ecf nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda k\u00e9o nhau ch\u1ea1y theo, t\u1eeb c\u1eeda \u1ea3i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc m\u1ea5y tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi:\u201cHu\u1ec7 sai qu\u00e2n \u0111u\u1ed5i theo \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda \u1ea3i L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, n\u00f3i phao l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n qua c\u1eeda \u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng s\u00f3t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o, c\u1ed1t t\u00ecm cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf \u1edf. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh c\u1ea3 s\u1ee3, t\u1eeb c\u1eeda quan tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 m\u1ea1n B\u1eafc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, tr\u1ebb con b\u1ed3ng b\u1ebf nhau ch\u1ea1y, v\u00e0i tr\u0103m d\u1eb7m tuy\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf.\u201d (\u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n     Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean, s\u0111d, tr.519).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng \u1edf g\u00f2 \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a (g\u1ea7n Th\u00e1i H\u00e0 \u1ea5p, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long) v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n ta. Hai b\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh nhau t\u1eeb s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u, qu\u00e2n Thanh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3  vi\u1ec7n binh, S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3i th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 t\u1eed. Ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Loa S\u01a1n. Qu\u00e2n Thanh ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n, ch\u00f4n chung m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i G\u00f2 \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng theo \u0111\u00e1m d\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y lo\u1ea1n ra kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh tr\u1ed1n qua Trung Hoa c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1m c\u1eadn th\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 L\u00ea v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. Tr\u01b0a m\u1ed3ng 6, vua L\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn Kinh B\u1eafc, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7p T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb t\u1ea1i \u1ea2i Nam Quan.:\u201cVua L\u00ea trong \u0111i\u1ec7n, nghe tin c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c bi\u1ebfn \u1ea5y, v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 c\u00f9ng b\u1ecdn L\u00ea Qu\u00fdnh, Tr\u1ecbnh Hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0a Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu ra ngo\u00e0i. C\u1ea3 b\u1ecdn ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd s\u00f4ng th\u00ec th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7u phao \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9t, thuy\u1ec1n b\u00e8 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng, b\u00e8n g\u1ea5p r\u00fat ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn Nghi T\u00e0m th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfc thuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1, v\u1ed9i c\u01b0\u1edbp l\u1ea5y r\u1ed3i ch\u00e8o sang b\u1edd B\u1eafc. Tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 6, vua L\u00ea v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00fai Tam T\u1eb1ng, nghe n\u00f3i T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3\u201d. (Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c V\u00e2n, s\u0111d, trang 226)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ra l\u1ec7nh thi\u00eau h\u1ee7y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1n d\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef t\u1ea1i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi r\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 tri\u1ec1u ch\u1ecbu t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Thanh. Trong s\u00e1ch \u201cCao T\u00f4ng Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c\u201d (s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Thanh vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vua C\u00e0n Long) c\u00f3 ghi l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi t\u00e2u c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb g\u1edfi l\u00ean vua C\u00e0n Long (Cao T\u00f4ng nh\u00e0 Thanh) nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u201cNg\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang (K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu) n\u0103m Cao T\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 54  (19\/2\/1789) T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb t\u00e2u r\u1eb1ng: sau khi th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 L\u00ea (Th\u0103ng Long) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu ph\u1ee5c, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t gi\u1eb7c (T\u00e2y S\u01a1n). Theo l\u1eddi L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3 (L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng)\u00f8 b\u00e1o, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 2 th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang n\u0103m nay qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 n\u01a1i n\u00e0y b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i, b\u1ecdn ch\u00fang r\u00eau rao r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 r\u1eeda h\u1eadn. Th\u1ea7n sai quan binh \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ec3u tr\u1eeb, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c. R\u1ed3i L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3 nghe tin Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 th\u00e2n t\u1edbi, s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i gan m\u1eadt t\u00ea li\u1ec7t, tay b\u1ebf con nh\u1ecf, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n qua s\u00f4ng Ph\u00fa L\u01b0\u01a1ng; khi\u1ebfn d\u00e2n t\u00ecnh ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ed1t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea7n r\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y lo\u1ea1n. Th\u1ea7n c\u00f9ng \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1c su\u1ea5t quan binh quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbch n\u1ed5i, v\u00ec gi\u1eb7c qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng, v\u00e2y k\u00edn \u0111\u1ea1i binh b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 Th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1eb7t nhau n\u1eefa. Th\u1ea7n ph\u00e1 v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y, ti\u1ebfn th\u1eb3ng t\u1edbi c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i, ra l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng binh L\u00fd H\u00f3a Long qua s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y b\u1edd ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. L\u00fd H\u00f3a Long \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7u, ch\u1eb3ng may tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00e2n r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ea7n ra l\u1ec7nh Ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00e1nh Th\u00e0nh quay \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eafn s\u00fang \u0111i\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ecbch, r\u1ed3i mang binh t\u1eeb t\u1eeb theo c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i t\u1edbi b\u1edd ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, \u0111o\u1ea1n r\u00fat v\u1ec1 s\u00f4ng Th\u1ecb C\u1ea7u tr\u00fa \u0111\u00f3ng. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, \u1ea3i Nam Quan t\u00ecm m\u1eb9 con L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3; t\u1ea1m tr\u00fa b\u1ecdn h\u1ecd t\u1ea1i quan \u1ea3i. Th\u1ea7n mang tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m xong vi\u1ec7c s\u1edbm, l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eb7n, xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ecb t\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u binh sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m r\u0103n\u201d. (Cao T\u00f4ng Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c, quy\u1ec3n 1321 t\u1edd 868, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, tr\u00edch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea3o, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c san T\u00e2y S\u01a1n B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Tu\u1ea5t 2006, trang 145-146)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Vua Quang Trung v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh Th\u0103ng Long h\u00f4m 5 T\u1ebft K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu (30-01-1789) , s\u1edbm h\u01a1n d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh hai h\u00f4m, chi\u1ebfn b\u00e0o nhu\u1ed9m \u0111\u1ea7y kh\u00f3i thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang. D\u00e2n ch\u00fang k\u00e9o nhau ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    7. B\u1ed5 t\u00fac v\u1ec1 tr\u1eadn Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i: Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 khi\u00eang nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n l\u1edbn hay \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 r\u01a1m l\u1edbn l\u0103n tr\u00f2n \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Trong tr\u1eadn Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia ghi ch\u00e9p kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n d\u00f9ng ba t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n gh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 b\u1ec7n r\u01a1m tr\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ea5t \u01b0\u1edbt l\u00e0m b\u00ecnh phong \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn theo h\u00e0ng ngang hay d\u00f9ng r\u01a1m b\u00f3 l\u1ea1i  th\u00e0nh t\u1eebng b\u00f3 l\u1edbn t\u1ea9m n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u0103n \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00ednh n\u00fap \u0111\u00e0ng sau?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Theo Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim (Vi\u1ec7t Nam S\u1eed L\u01b0\u1ee3c) v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u1eddi B\u00e0nh Tr\u01b0\u1edbng: T\u00e2y S\u01a1n) th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 ra l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u201c k\u1ebft ba t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c b\u1ec7n r\u01a1m \u01b0\u1edbt cho 10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u00eang \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, mang theo \u0111o\u1ea3n \u0111ao. C\u00f3 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo sau v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi. Voi ti\u00ean phong m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o\u201d. S\u00e1ch \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean do Qu\u1ed1c S\u1eed Qu\u00e1n Nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n c\u0169ng ch\u00e9p:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201cM\u1edd s\u00e1ng m\u1ed3ng 5, ti\u1ebfn s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0169y Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i, tr\u00ean l\u0169y \u0111\u1ea1n b\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a, Hu\u1ec7 sai chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o tr\u1eadn, m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u00fac voi \u0111\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb1ng sau. Khi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eeda l\u0169y, \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00e9m v\u00e1n g\u1ed7 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111em dao ng\u1eafn ch\u00e9m b\u1eeba \u0111i, qu\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc Thanh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, tan v\u1ee1 ch\u1ea1y ra b\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t g\u1eb7p m\u00e1y ch\u00f4n ng\u1ea7m, l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i n\u1ed5 ra, ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u\u201d ( \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean, quy\u1ec3n 30, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed H\u1ecdc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a 1993, trang 518). Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed (Ng\u00f4 Gia V\u0103n Ph\u00e1i) c\u0169ng di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u201cVua Quang Trung l\u1ea1i truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea5y 60 t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n, c\u1ee9 gh\u00e9p li\u1ec1n ba t\u1ea5m th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i l\u1ea5y r\u01a1m d\u1ea5p n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee7 k\u00edn, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 20 b\u1ee9c. \u0110o\u1ea1n k\u00e9n lo\u1ea1i l\u00ednh kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh, c\u1ee9 10 khi\u00eang m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c, l\u01b0ng gi\u1eaft dao ng\u1eafn. Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7m binh kh\u00ed theo sau, d\u00e0n th\u00e0nh tr\u1eadn ch\u1eef \u201cnh\u1ea5t\u201d; vua Quang Trung c\u01b0\u1ee1i ng\u1ef1a voi \u0111i \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00fac, m\u1edd s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 5 ti\u1ebfn s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3n Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i. Qu\u00e2n Thanh n\u1ed5 s\u00fang b\u1eafn ra ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u1ea3. Nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 gi\u00f3 B\u1eafc, qu\u00e2n Thanh b\u00e8n d\u00f9ng \u1ed1ng phun kh\u00f3i l\u1eeda ra, kh\u00f3i t\u1ecfa m\u00f9 tr\u1eddi, c\u00e1c gang t\u1ea5c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y g\u00ec, h\u00f2ng l\u00e0m cho qu\u00e2n Nam r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd trong ch\u1ed1c l\u00e1t tr\u1eddi b\u1ed7ng tr\u1edf gi\u00f3 Nam, th\u00e0nh ra qu\u00e2n Thanh l\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Vua Quang Trung li\u1ec1n sai \u0111\u1ed9i khi\u00eang v\u00e1n v\u1eeba che v\u1eeba x\u00f4ng th\u1eb3ng l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi g\u01b0\u01a1m gi\u00e1o hai b\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea1m nhau th\u00ec qu\u0103ng v\u00e1n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ai n\u1ea5y c\u1ea7m dao ng\u1eafn ch\u00e9m b\u1eeba; nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m binh kh\u00ed theo sau c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 x\u00f4ng t\u1edbi m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh. Qu\u00e2n Thanh ch\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y t\u00e1n lo\u1ea1n, d\u00e0y x\u00e9o l\u00ean nhau m\u00e0 ch\u1ebft. T\u00ean Th\u00e1i th\u00fa \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 ch\u1ebft. Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n th\u1eeba th\u1ebf ch\u00e9m gi\u1ebft lung tung, th\u00e2y n\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh su\u1ed1i, qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea1i\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c V\u00e2n v\u00e0 Ki\u1ec1u Thu Ho\u1ea1ch, trang 223-224)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          Nh\u01b0ng, theo \u201cKh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c\u201d (do Qu\u1ed1c S\u1eed Qu\u00e1n nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n) th\u00ec n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u201c\u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 r\u01a1m to l\u1edbn che \u0111\u1ee1 m\u00e0 l\u0103n x\u1ea3 v\u00e0o\u201d ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u201cv\u00e1n g\u1ed7 che \u0111\u1ee1\u201d…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 gi\u1eefa qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Thanh l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n trong s\u00e1ch \u201cKh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c\u201d nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u201cK\u1ef7 D\u1eadu n\u0103m th\u1ee9 3 (1789) (Thanh, n\u0103m C\u00e0n Long th\u1ee9 54 ). M\u1ed3ng 1 th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang…M\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n Qu\u00e2n nh\u00e0 Thanh \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u1eadn hai huy\u1ec7n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00fac v\u00e0 Thanh Tr\u00ec, b\u1ecb thua: b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh, ti\u1ec1n phong Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u0129 Long, t\u1ea3 d\u1ef1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Th\u0103ng v\u00e0 tri ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft tr\u1eadn; T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb t\u1eeb khi qua c\u1eeda \u1ea3i, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 \u00fd khinh \u0111\u1ecbch. L\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u0103ng Long r\u1ed3i, S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb t\u1ef1 cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf l\u00e0 xong vi\u1ec7c. Nh\u1eefng h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u1ea5n \u0111i \u1ee9ng ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ua nhau \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda qu\u00e2n xin S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn binh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1ebfn. K\u1ecbp khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a vua Thanh ra l\u1ec7nh cho S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai cho L\u00ea v\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1, S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u1edbi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0u k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, qu\u00e2n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e8o Ba D\u1ed9i (Tam \u0110i\u1ec7p S\u01a1n), nh\u00e0 vua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin, l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m lo s\u1ee3, h\u1ecfi S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 m\u01b0u k\u1ebf, S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb n\u00f3i:\u201dTa c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf thong th\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi k\u1ebb \u0111ang nh\u1ecdc nh\u1eb1n, c\u1ea7n chi ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea5p t\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ed9i\u201d. Th\u1ebf r\u1ed3i S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb d\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Gi\u1eb7c ru\u1ed5i d\u00e0i ra B\u1eafc, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n k\u1ef5 n\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3. Khi gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn S\u01a1n Nam, S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb sai \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c H\u01b0a Th\u1ebf Hanh \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1ee9 d\u1ef1c \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, chia \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf H\u00e0 H\u1ed3i v\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang \u1ea5y, qu\u00e2n l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1eadn n\u00e0o th\u00ec thua lu\u00f4n tr\u1eadn \u1ea5y. S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb r\u1ea5t coi khinh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         H\u1ed3i tr\u1ed1ng canh n\u0103m s\u1edbm h\u00f4m sau. V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 x\u1eafn tay \u00e1o \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00fac b\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 l\u00f9a qu\u00e2n r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean. Ch\u00ednh V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfn, cho h\u01a1n tr\u0103m voi kh\u1ecfe \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1edd m\u1edd s\u00e1ng, qu\u00e2n Thanh l\u00f9a to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n k\u1ef5 tinh nhu\u1ec7 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t ti\u1ebfn. Ch\u1ee3t th\u1ea5y b\u1ea7y voi, ng\u1ef1a qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i, h\u00ed l\u00ean, t\u1ebf ch\u1ea1y, l\u1ed3ng l\u1ed9n quay v\u1ec1, ch\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1p l\u1eabn nhau. Gi\u1eb7c l\u1ea1i l\u00f9a voi x\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn: qu\u00e2n Thanh, trong c\u01a1n g\u1ea5p r\u00fat, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee9u nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ai n\u1ea5y r\u00fat v\u00e0o trong l\u0169y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7. B\u1ed1n m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1eafm ch\u00f4ng s\u1eaft, s\u00fang v\u00e0 t\u00ean b\u1eafn ra nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a. Gi\u1eb7c (T\u00e2y S\u01a1n) d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 r\u01a1m to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 che \u0111\u1ee1 m\u00e0 l\u0103n x\u1ea3 v\u00e0o, r\u1ed3i qu\u00e2n tinh nhu\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn theo sau. K\u1ebb tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u1ed1i, th\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u1ed5 s\u1ee9c li\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. C\u00e1c l\u0169y qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tan v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ea1y. Gi\u1eb7c \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3n Nam \u0110\u1ed3ng, th\u1eeba th\u1eafng, \u1eadp l\u1ea1i gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. Qu\u00e2n Thanh b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda. Th\u1ebf Hanh, Ti\u00ean phong Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u0129 Long (Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long) v\u00e0 t\u1ea3 d\u1ef1c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Th\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft tr\u1eadn. S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ed3n \u1edf Loa S\u01a1n (t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi \u0110\u1ed1ng \u0110a), b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh. Qu\u00e2n c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 ch\u1ebft. To\u00e1n th\u00e2n binh c\u1ee7a Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 \u1ea3i ch\u1ebft theo \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u1edf n\u01a1i m\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbng, th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin qu\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ee9c b\u00e1ch g\u1ea7n Th\u0103ng Long. S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft xoay x\u1edf ra sao, b\u00e8n nh\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua s\u00f4ng, ch\u1ea1y. C\u1ea7u g\u00e3y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft v\u00f4 k\u1ec3\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Kh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c, quy\u1ec3n XLVII, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed H\u1ecdc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, 1998, tr.845- 847) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd: s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi T\u00e2y S\u01a1n l\u00e0 Gi\u1eb7c hay Ng\u1ee5y T\u00e2y).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u201cThanh Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m\u201d (s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Thanh) c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 r\u01a1m l\u1edbn l\u0103n tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m bia \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n…Xin \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n sau \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00edch t\u1eeb s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Thanh \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u201cNg\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 5 th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang: Qu\u00e2n Thanh b\u1ecb b\u1ea1i. T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb mang t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 B\u1eafc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i (M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n, 1788) qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 n\u01b0\u1edbc An Nam v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1n Th\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3 (L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng); l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n Thanh tu\u1ea7n th\u00e1m gi\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch. Ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng hai, T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ed1t ng\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbch; ra l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng binh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long mang 3000 qu\u00e2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n H\u00e0 H\u1ed3i, Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1, l\u1ea1i ra l\u1ec7nh cho \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh mang 1500 t\u00ean, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1c su\u1ea5t 1200 t\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng. Qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 ong v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3n 4 ph\u00eda, \u0111\u00e1nh nhau m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam, qu\u00e2n Thanh b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh tan b\u00e8n b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         V\u00e0o canh n\u0103m ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y (m\u1ed3ng 5) Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 mang \u0111\u1ea1i binh ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh, th\u00e2n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfn, d\u00f9ng 100 th\u1edbt voi kh\u1ecfe l\u00e0m ti\u00ean phong. R\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng qu\u00e2n Thanh cho k\u1ef5 binh ngh\u00eanh \u0111\u1ecbch. V\u00e0o gi\u1edd Ng\u1ecd qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n b\u1eafn h\u1ecfa ch\u00e2u, h\u1ecfa ti\u1ec5n t\u1edbi t\u1ea5p; l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng r\u1ea1 b\u00f3   to l\u0103n m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u, khinh binh theo sau, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e3 sau ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u00f2ng quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn, t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n Thanh \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tan v\u1ee1, qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n th\u1eeba th\u1eafng ch\u00e9m gi\u1ebft, qu\u00e2n Thanh t\u1eed th\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e1 n\u1eeda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c nhi\u1ec1u \u00edt r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, b\u1ea3o gia nh\u00e2n \u0111em \u1ea5n tri\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c mang \u0111i, r\u1ed3i ra s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh, b\u1ecb ch\u1ebft t\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn. L\u00fac n\u00e0y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch c\u00e0ng b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u, chia c\u1eaft qu\u00e2n Thanh t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m r\u1ed3i v\u00e2y k\u00edn. Th\u1ed1ng so\u00e1i T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb m\u1ea5t li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ec1 tr\u1ea5n; b\u00e8n ra l\u1ec7nh Ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Kh\u00e1nh Th\u00e0nh, \u0110\u1ee9c Kh\u1eafc Tinh Ng\u1ea1ch mang 300 qu\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1t v\u00e2y ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. Khi t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd s\u00f4ng, th\u00ec s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n Thanh 3000 t\u00ean tr\u00fa \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i b\u1edd ph\u00eda Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng binh Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Thanh mang \u0111i ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng cho H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh, b\u00e8n ra l\u1ec7nh cho T\u1ed5ng binh L\u00fd H\u00f3a Long v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee9 b\u1edd ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c y\u1ec3m h\u1ed9 qua s\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd L\u00fd H\u00f3a Long \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa c\u1ea7u, tr\u01b0\u1ee3t ch\u00e2n r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ebft, s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n mang \u0111i kinh h\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m g\u00ec. T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb ra l\u1ec7nh Kh\u00e1nh Th\u00e0nh y\u1ec3m h\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t sau b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch b\u1eafn s\u00fang \u0111i\u1ec3u th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 \u0111ang truy k\u00edch, ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 mang qu\u00e2n theo c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i lui v\u1ec1 b\u1edd ph\u00eda B\u1eafc; r\u1ed3i l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c cho ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn Kh\u00e1nh Th\u00e0nh r\u00fat lui v\u1ec1 s\u00f4ng Th\u1ecb C\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Qu\u00e2n Thanh t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda Nam s\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee9t ch\u00ecm, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1, b\u00e8n \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 L\u00ea. C\u00e1c T\u1ed5ng binh Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Duy Th\u0103ng, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long, Ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Na \u0110\u00f4n H\u00e0nh, Tham t\u01b0\u1edbng D\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u01b0ng Long, V\u01b0\u01a1ng Tuy\u00ean, Anh L\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1eed tr\u1eadn. Tri ch\u00e2u \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7n binh \u0111\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed, s\u1ed1 th\u00e2n binh t\u1ef1 t\u1eed c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m. Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng An Nam L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3 v\u00e0o l\u00fac binh thua, t\u1edbi dinh T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb h\u1ecdp b\u00e0n, th\u1ea5y T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y, b\u00e8n ho\u1ea3ng h\u1ed1t v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean ph\u00eda B\u1eafc, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y nh\u00e0 L\u00ea di\u1ec7t vong.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hu\u1ec7 xua qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh, chi\u1ebfn b\u00e0o m\u1eb7c tr\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhu\u1ed1m \u0111en, do b\u1edfi thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang. \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c \u00d4 \u0110\u1ea1i Kinh mang \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n Thanh t\u1ea1i V\u00e2n Nam xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb M\u00e3 B\u1ea1ch quan v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i (M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n, 1788), \u0111\u1ebfn Tuy\u00ean Quang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng 12; khi \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng Ph\u00fa L\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7u n\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng tre \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1ee9t, nh\u00ecn sang b\u00ean kia b\u1edd th\u1ea5y l\u1eeda r\u1ef1c b\u1ed1n ph\u00eda, b\u00e8n tri\u1ec7t h\u1ed3i Tuy\u00ean Quang, r\u1ed3i l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c lui v\u00e0o trong n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Thanh Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m, quy\u1ec3n 146, trang 4565 \u2013 4567, tr\u00edch d\u1ecbch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea3o, \u0111\u0103ng trong \u0110\u1eb7c San T\u00e2y S\u01a1n B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh, Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Tu\u1ea5t 2006, trang 145)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    8. Nh\u1eadn \u0110\u1ecbnh T\u00ecnh H\u00ecnh V\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u1ee7a Vua C\u00e0n Long Sau Khi Vua Quang Trung \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1eafng Qu\u00e2n Thanh<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

         Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edd t\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1edbt v\u00e1t th\u1ec3 di\u1ec7n cho danh ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i thi\u00ean tri\u1ec1u, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, vua C\u00e0n Long \u0111\u00e3 ra t\u1edd d\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c Qu\u00e2n C\u01a1 \u0110\u1ea1i Th\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng \u0111em qu\u00e2n tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u201cTr\u1eabm tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia \u0111\u00e3 cho r\u1eb1ng L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3 m\u1ec1m y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, xem ra tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gh\u00e9t h\u1ecd L\u00ea n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u00ecnh An Nam l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3n ph\u00fac kh\u00f3 tin; n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 l\u1ec7nh T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c tri\u1ec7t binh. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 b\u00e8n l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tri\u1ec7t h\u1ed3i, th\u00ec ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1eeda quan \u1ea3i r\u1ed3i. Nay Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 d\u00e1m ra m\u1eb7t ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u00e1nh, nguy\u00ean do l\u00e0 T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb hy v\u1ecdng Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 s\u1ebd h\u1ed1i l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9, n\u00ean ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb ng\u00e0y gi\u1edd, m\u1edbi x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0o ti\u1ebft m\u00f9a Xu\u00e2n, t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i n\u00e0y m\u01b0a nhi\u1ec1u, l\u1eafm ch\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00ed; n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n c\u1eed \u0111\u1ea1i binh c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac. Hu\u1ed1ng chi c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u binh, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9; nay l\u1ea1i r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n h\u1ecbch \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i khi\u1ebfn cho l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00eam kinh h\u00e3i. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i \u0111em binh tri\u1ec7t h\u1ed3i, v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu\u201d(Cao T\u00f4ng Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c, s\u0111d, quy\u1ec3n 1321, t\u1edd 868, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea3o, \u0111\u0103ng trong \u0110\u1eb7c San T\u00e2y S\u01a1n Xu\u00e2n B\u00ednh Tu\u1ea5t 2006 trang146-147 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Ti\u1ebfp theo l\u1eddi d\u1ee5 n\u1ea7y, vua C\u00e0n Long \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         \u201cT\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ed1ng su\u1ea5t to\u00e0n qu\u00e2n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m; vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u00e1 v\u00f2ng v\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 ra, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang. Th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn, H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh l\u00e0 vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p b\u1ef1c \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t quan h\u1ec7; hi\u1ec7n nay ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tin t\u1ee9c, \u0111ang h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c tr\u00f4ng ng\u00f3ng. Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u t\u00e2m th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, \u0111\u1ed1c su\u1ea5t quan binh \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3i g\u1ea5p. Theo l\u1eddi t\u00e2u c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n V\u0129nh Thanh th\u00ec L\u00ea Duy K\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn quan \u1ea3i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 7 th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang, (K\u1ef7 D\u1eadu, 1789) hi\u1ec7n cho tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Nam Ninh. B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ra qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i T\u00e2n C\u01b0\u01a1ng, T\u00e2y L\u1ed9, cho \u0111\u1ebfn L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Kim Xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. L\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb mang qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn An Nam \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5, nay c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 t\u1ef1 mang l\u1ea5y m\u1ea7m di\u1ec7t vong v\u00e2y. T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0 H\u1ee9a Th\u1ebf Hanh h\u00e3y mang qu\u00e2n ra cho v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1eebng l\u00e0m t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c th\u1ec3; t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u00f3 li\u1ec7u bi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng do ch\u00ednh Tr\u1eabm thao t\u00fang, r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u1eeb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. C\u00f2n vi\u1ec7c T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb t\u00e2u xin c\u00e1ch ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ecb t\u1ed9i; th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c l\u1ea7m l\u1ee1 m\u1ea1o mu\u1ed9i, t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i t\u00e2u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady! Vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i gia t\u0103ng tr\u1ea5n t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec3 lo li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i, ch\u1edb n\u00ean hoang mang \u00fd lo\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u1eafc b\u1ecdn Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Thi\u00ean tri\u1ec1u\u201d.  (Cao T\u00f4ng Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c, quy\u1ec3n 1321 t\u1edd 868- 869, s\u0111d, nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         R\u1ed3i nh\u00e0 vua ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111i ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u201c Tuy nhi\u00ean d\u1ecdc theo quan \u1ea3i c\u1ea7n d\u00e0n binh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh thanh th\u1ebf v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp \u1ee9ng. Hi\u1ec7n theo l\u1eddi t\u00e2u c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n V\u0129nh Thanh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 g\u1ed3m 3000 t\u00ean s\u1ebd lo \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00eam. Nay d\u1ee5 T\u00f4n V\u0129nh Thanh h\u00e3y t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9, n\u1ebfu s\u1ed1 binh l\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng, th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t t\u1ea5u l\u00ean. Qu\u00e2n Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang tri\u1ec7t h\u1ed3i, c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n V\u00e2n Nam do ng\u00e3 Tuy\u00ean Quang An Bi\u00ean c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i tri\u1ec7t tho\u00e1i g\u1ea5p. Qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c doanh \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i V\u00e2n Nam t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u, n\u1ebfu qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00fa C\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u00d4 \u0110\u1ea1i Kinh hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng, th\u00ec \u0111\u1eebng ng\u1ecb l\u1ea5y th\u00eam qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c doanh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 d\u1ecdc bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, khi\u1ebfn cho thanh th\u1ebf c\u00e0ng th\u00eam m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (Cao T\u00f4ng Th\u1ef1c L\u1ee5c, quy\u1ec3n 1321 t\u1edd 869, s\u0111d nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         (Xin l\u01b0u \u00fd: \u00d4ng H\u1ed3 B\u1ea1ch Th\u1ea3o c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: Theo Thanh Th\u00f4ng S\u1eed: s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n 3000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 T\u00f4n V\u0129nh Thanh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi l\u00e0 s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Thanh c\u1ed1 \u00fd n\u00f3i b\u1edbt \u0111i v\u00ec \u201c theo Thanh Th\u00f4ng S\u1eed, l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y nghe tin qu\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7 s\u1ebd sang tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 r\u1eeda h\u1eadn, n\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda tr\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng; t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u00e0i ng\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, th\u00ec ch\u1eafc s\u1ed1 l\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gan \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7! Tham kh\u1ea3o v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 Thanh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i b\u1edbt kho\u1ea3ng m\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7n!\u201d…)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

         Vua L\u00ea Chi\u00eau Th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y qua Trung Qu\u1ed1c, g\u1eb7p T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb. \u0110i theo vua c\u00f3 8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng \u00cdch Hi\u1ec3u, Nguy\u1ec5n Qu\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ed1ng, L\u00ea H\u00e2n, Ph\u1ea1m Nh\u01b0 T\u00f9ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Vi\u1ebft Tri\u1ec7u, Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh Thi\u1ec7n, L\u00ea V\u0103n Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 L\u00ea Qu\u00fd Th\u00edch (K\u0110VSTG C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c, quy\u1ec3n 47, b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch, tr.848). Tai tr\u1ea5n Nam Quan, khi chia tay v\u1edbi T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb, vua n\u00f3i:\u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef n\u1ed5i x\u00e3 t\u1eafc, t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft s\u1ec9 nh\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i phi\u1ec1n ng\u00e0i \u0111em qu\u00e2n sang c\u1ee9u. T\u00f4i l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m c\u1ea3m k\u00edch v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng. Nay ng\u00e0i l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf t\u00f4i m\u00e0 \u0111i, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m phi\u1ec1n ng\u00e0i n\u1eefa. T\u00f4i xin tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u01b0\u1ee3m l\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 toan t\u00ednh c\u1eed s\u1ef1 sau n\u00e0y\u201d. T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb n\u00f3i:\u201c\u0110\u00e3 t\u00e2u xin th\u00eam qu\u00e2n r\u1ed3i. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn\u201d. T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb m\u1eddi nh\u00e0 vua v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ebf L\u00e2m y\u00ean ngh\u1ec9, vua theo l\u1eddi. (K\u0110VSTG C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c, s\u0111d nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, tr.848).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Sau khi ra l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, vua C\u00e0n Long cho \u0110\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 Ph\u00fac Khang An \u0111\u1ebfn thay th\u1ebf T\u00f4n S\u0129 Ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c L\u01b0\u1ee1ng Qu\u1ea3ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i binh m\u00e3 9 t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda Nam v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc ta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    GS Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00fd T\u01b0\u1edfng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Ch\u00fa th\u00edch:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (1) v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng: s\u1eed nh\u00e0 Thanh (Thanh Th\u00f4ng S\u1eed) vi\u1ebft S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 Tri ch\u00e2u \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u; -Kh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean vi\u1ebft S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 Tri ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u;-Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed vi\u1ebft S\u1ea7m Nghi \u0110\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 Th\u00e1i th\u00fa \u0110i\u1ec1n Ch\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (2) Kh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c vi\u1ebft T\u1ed5ng binh Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u0129 Long;- Thanh Th\u00f4ng S\u1eed  v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng binh Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tri\u1ec1u Long.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    (3) Trong tr\u1eadn Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i, c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch Ho\u00e0ng L\u00ea Nh\u1ea5t Th\u1ed1ng Ch\u00ed, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh Bi\u00ean, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim, Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u00f3m s\u1eed gia CS \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng 3 t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i,10 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi\u00eang \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 20 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00fap \u0111\u00e0ng sau d\u00f9ng \u0111o\u1ea3n \u0111ao, khi \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n th\u00ec n\u00e9m b\u1ecf t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n \u0111i m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u01b0ng theo Thanh Th\u00f4ng S\u1eed v\u00e0 Kh\u00e2m \u0110\u1ecbnh Vi\u1ec7t S\u1eed Th\u00f4ng Gi\u00e1m C\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ee5c th\u00ec qu\u00e2n T\u00e2y S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 r\u01a1m l\u1edbn cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m bia \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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    <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    B\u1ed4 T\u00daC M\u1ed8T S\u1ed0 S\u1eec LI\u1ec6U V\u1ec0 CHI\u1ebeN TH\u1eaeNG \u0110\u1ed0NG \u0110A Vua Quang Trung \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ed3i: d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 r\u01a1m cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f2n l\u0103n \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc hay d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m v\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n? T\u1ea1i sao \u0110\u1ea1i Nam Li\u1ec7t Truy\u1ec7n Ti\u1ec1n\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13418,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[212,115],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-13417","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-chuyenmuc","tag-chuyen-de","tag-lich-su"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13417","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13417"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/13417\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13418"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13417"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=13417"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=13417"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}