{"id":18750,"date":"2023-10-21T19:14:01","date_gmt":"2023-10-21T19:14:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=18750"},"modified":"2023-10-21T19:14:02","modified_gmt":"2023-10-21T19:14:02","slug":"so-tay-thuong-dan-duong-phia-bac","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=18750","title":{"rendered":"S\u1ed5 Tay Th\u01b0\u1eddng D\u00e2n: \u0110\u01af\u1edcNG PH\u00cdA B\u1eaeC<\/strong>
T\u01b0\u1edfng N\u0103ng Ti\u1ebfn<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"
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L\u00fac c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i th\u1ebf, c\u00f3 l\u00fac, \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi kh\u00f3 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cXin th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng cho bi\u1ebft \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n h\u1ed3i 1975, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 h\u1ed3i 1978, 1979\u2026 V\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1n b\u00e3i thu v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7u, thuy\u1ec1n b\u1ecb h\u1ea3i t\u1eb7c b\u00e3o t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ecm trong \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng\u2026 L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn ra sao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong cu\u1ed9c di d\u00e2n r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 bi th\u1ea3m \u1ea5y?\u201d<\/strong> (B\u00f9i T\u00edn, \u201cHai C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi C\u1ea7n Tr\u1ea3 L\u1eddi R\u00f5 R\u00e0ng Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Khi Th\u1ebf K\u1ef7 20 Kh\u00e9p L\u1ea1i,\u201d C\u00e1nh \u00c9n<\/em>, Feb.1999:05).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng \u201cnh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m\u201d g\u00ec r\u00e1o tr\u1ecdi.\u00a0V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 chung c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi h\u1eefu tr\u00e1ch \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u2013 theo nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ng\u00f4 Nh\u00e2n D\u1ee5ng <\/u><\/strong>: \u201cKhi th\u1ea5y d\u00e2n t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1i g\u00ec, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1i ngay, ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5p li\u1ebfm, b\u1ecba \u0111\u1eb7t, b\u01b0ng b\u00edt, b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o, kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eadn l\u1ed7i<\/strong>.<\/mark>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4ng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o n\u00e0y n\u00f3i t\u1ea7m b\u1eady t\u1ea7m b\u1ea1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 \u2026 kh\u00f4ng tr\u1eadt. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean b\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n, s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m 1987, h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u201cdi d\u00e2n \u00a0r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0 bi th\u1ea3m \u1ea5y,\u201d Trung T\u01b0\u1edbng Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh \u01af\u1edbc<\/strong> (Vi\u1ec7n Tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n L\u1ecbch S\u1eed Qu\u00e2n S\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam) \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e2y nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00a0\u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u2026 \u0110\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ra \u0111i. Kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n do b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm thuy\u1ec1n, b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft. \u0110\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea3m c\u1ea3nh <\/strong>nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 do nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i<\/strong>.<\/mark>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/strong>  m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cv\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d nh\u01b0ng (sau m\u1ed9t l\u00fac quanh co) \u00f4ng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1eafp \u2026 l\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i r\u1ed3i : \u201cT\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 ki\u1ec1u b\u00e0o c\u00f2n l\u1ea5n c\u1ea5n nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 do ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/strong>.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1i \u201cho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d n\u00e0y ra sao l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng T\u1ed5ng Th\u01b0 K\u00fd H\u1ed9i Khoa H\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch S\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ea5n Sang<\/strong> c\u0169ng v\u1eady :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201c\u0110\u1ea3ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta lu\u00f4n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, lu\u00f4n mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eabn nhau, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01b0 tr\u00fa\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec m\u1ea5y tri\u1ec7u thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee9 y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb tr\u00ean tr\u1eddi r\u1edbt xu\u1ed1ng, t\u1ee9 t\u00e1n kh\u1eafp n\u0103m Ch\u00e2u. \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 gom c\u00e1i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9t, mu\u1ed1n n\u1eafn b\u00f3p n\u00f3 ra sao \u2013 t\u00f9y th\u00edch.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 l\u00fac Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ra \u0111i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0169 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cb\u1ea5t h\u1ea3o, c\u1eb7n b\u00e3 c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, ma c\u00f4, \u0111\u0129 \u0111i\u1ebfm, tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp, tr\u00e2y l\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, ng\u1ea1i kh\u00f3 ng\u1ea1i kh\u1ed5, ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ea1y theo b\u01a1 th\u1eeba s\u1eefa c\u1eb7n\u2026 \u201d.<\/mark> \u00a0Kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e1m thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 ma c\u00f4, \u0111\u0129 \u0111i\u1ebfm v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u1ed9m c\u01b0\u1edbp ra sao \u2013\u00a0n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 qu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u2013 nh\u01b0ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u01a1 th\u1eeba s\u1eefa c\u1eb7n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1 h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee9u to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, tho\u00e1t ch\u1ebft (\u0111\u00f3i) nhi\u1ec1u phen.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u1ecdng : nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb\u00a0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ckhoan h\u1ed3ng\u201d m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201ct\u00f4n vinh\u201d nh\u01b0 \u201cnh\u1eefng s\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3 L\u1ea1c H\u1ed3ng<\/mark>,\u201d v\u00e0 (b\u1ed7ng) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201c<\/a><\/strong>m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn\u00a0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c<\/strong><\/a>,\u201d<\/a> \u00a0hay \u201cl\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n quan h\u1ec7 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb gi\u1eefa nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi\u2026<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi\u1ec7t kho\u1ebb!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ebf c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng thuy\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 sao? Theo nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tu\u1ea5n<\/u> <\/strong>th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng, kh\u00f4ng nghe ai l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i n\u0103ng g\u00ec h\u1ebft tr\u01a1n h\u1ebft tr\u1ecdi : \u201c\u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c di t\u1ea3n qui m\u00f4 l\u1edbn ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nghe \/ \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y.<\/mark><\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i n\u00e0o ngay th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt. L\u00fd do gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 kinh ho\u00e0ng, v\u01b0\u1ee3t ngo\u00e0i s\u1ee9c ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ai mu\u1ed1n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m h\u00e3i h\u00f9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng PTSD (Post Traumatic Stress Disorder) theo nh\u01b0 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a DSM \u2013 IV \u2013 TR<\/em> (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorder, Fourth Edition. Text Revision. Washington, DC, American Psychiatric Association, 2000 \u2013 c\u1ea9m nang c\u1ee7a khoa T\u00e2m Th\u1ea7n H\u1ecdc).<\/p>\n\n\n

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Hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, tr\u00ean b\u00e0n vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch thu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y :<\/p>\n\n\n\n