{"id":27179,"date":"2025-12-15T06:10:59","date_gmt":"2025-12-15T06:10:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=27179"},"modified":"2025-12-15T06:11:02","modified_gmt":"2025-12-15T06:11:02","slug":"khoa-hoc-pha-the-doc-ton-dat-hiem-cua-trung-cong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=27179","title":{"rendered":"Khoa h\u1ecdc \u201cph\u00e1\u201d th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a Trung C\u1ed9ng<\/strong>
Tr\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean Thao<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"
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G\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10 v\u1eeba qua, B\u1eafc Kinh bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 12 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb Hoa L\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i xin ph\u00e9p khi xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng sang qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. Bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0m \u201cn\u00f3ng l\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u\u201d, khi\u1ebfn Li\u00ean Minh kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5, bu\u1ed9c B\u1eafc Kinh ph\u1ea3i \u201ch\u01b0u chi\u1ebfn\u201d 1 n\u0103m. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac, ph\u00eda M\u1ef9 loan b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc tinh l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea9y B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/mark><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 tr\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm trong l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n Rare Earth Elements (REE) v\u00e0 m\u1edbi khai th\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1i m\u1ecf Mountain Pass (California). \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nhu c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, Hoa k\u1ef3 v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm t\u1eeb Trung c\u1ed9ng. B\u1eafc Kinh l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm nh\u01b0 \u201cv\u00f5 kh\u00ed\u201d trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 ngo\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00e1nh khai th\u00e1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm theo quy tr\u00ecnh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y nguy c\u01a1 ph\u00f3ng x\u1ea1, nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c th\u1ea1ch t\u00edn (arsenic) l\u00e0m \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Ri\u00eang Trung c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, v\u1eabn khai th\u00e1c v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, Trung c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn, chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 97% s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 120.000 t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm do Trung c\u1ed9ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, t\u1eeb nam ch\u00e2m v\u0129nh c\u1eedu, laser, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh LCD, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ebfn chip b\u00e1n d\u1eabn.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eafc Kinh th\u01b0\u1eddng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng si\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00f2n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh sang c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c sau h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m, ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch gi\u1eef v\u1ecb th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf tr\u00ean, B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh quy \u0111\u1ecbnh bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 12 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb Hoa L\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i xin ph\u00e9p khi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. <\/strong>Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u201ct\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9\u201d, x\u1ebfp B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i \u201cnh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady\u201d khi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft b\u00ed c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i cho N\u1ed9i C\u00e1c Donald Trump c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh, th\u00ec t\u1eeb nay kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean minh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf quy t\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1eeb M\u1ef9, EU, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u00dac, ch\u00e2u Phi, M\u1ef9 Latinh, v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, t\u1eeb khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn tinh ch\u1ebf nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4 \u1edf kinh \u0111\u1ed9 116\u00b0 \u0110\u00f4ng b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u, b\u1ecb d\u00e1n nh\u00e3n \u201cthi\u1ebfu minh b\u1ea1ch\u201d g\u00e2y r\u1ee7i ro cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. [1]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi Li\u00ean minh Kho\u00e1ng S\u1ea3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1eeba h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111ia ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh mau ch\u00f3ng.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1ebd t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 2.600% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2035 trong khi chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng mong manh, hai b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 song song trong khai th\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm (REE) m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi bao la h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng v\u00e0 an ninh t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean cho Hoa k\u1ef3.<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Texas \u1edf Austin v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc California, Berkeley \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda cho c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y, th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n

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C\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm thu h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb tro than<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Texas \u1edf Austin, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 minh \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng, tro th\u1ea3i t\u1eeb than \u0111\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u1ea1ch<\/strong><\/mark> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 165 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm – v\u00e0 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 97 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ea3 thi, cung c\u1ea5p 17 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb Rare Earth Elements (REE) bao g\u1ed3m europi, terbi v\u00e0 neodymium, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, pin xe \u0111i\u1ec7n (EV), tuabin gi\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn cho c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm n\u1eb1m trong c\u00e1c l\u1edbp tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch \u1edf l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eadp c\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tro than t\u00edch t\u1ee5 \u1edf M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1950 \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 5,3 t\u1ef7 t\u1ea5n.<\/strong> Trong \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 11 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm (REE) ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c, tinh l\u1ecdc chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t ra c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7.<\/mark><\/strong> Khi than \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t ch\u00e1y, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb x\u1ea3y ra. C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y c\u1ee7a than, nh\u01b0 carbon, hydro v\u00e0 l\u01b0u hu\u1ef3nh, ch\u00e1y \u0111i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00e1y bao g\u1ed3m kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t s\u00e9t, th\u1ea1ch anh v\u00e0 Rare Earth Elements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Texas \u1edf Austin, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c k\u00eanh m\u00e0ng nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch v\u00e0 thu th\u1eadp REE b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng sinh h\u1ecdc. <\/strong>L\u1ea5y c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ion nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i qua m\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc, nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 r\u1ed7ng k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc nano (*)<\/sup> – c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u00eanh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o<\/mark><\/strong> – ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c ion \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua trong khi ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3i n\u00f4m na d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u201ck\u00eanh nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o\u201d g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cs\u00e0ng g\u1ea1o\u201d. Trong th\u00e2p ni\u00ean 50, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y g\u1ea1o c\u00f2n hi\u1ebfm, n\u00f4ng gia mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 g\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n, m\u00e0 \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 s\u00e0ng g\u1ea1o. \u1ede b\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i n\u00e0y, n\u00f4ng gia \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea1o l\u1eabn v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00e0ng, r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f4i tay di chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1i s\u00e0ng theo v\u00f2ng quay \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n l\u1eabn trong g\u1ea1o g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7 v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00e0ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u1ecdt xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t g\u1ea1o to h\u01a1n th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00e0ng. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u00e1ch h\u1ea1t t\u1ea5m ra kh\u1ecfi h\u1ea1t g\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o.<\/p>\n\n\n

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C\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110ai H\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb Qu\u1ef9 Khoa h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 N\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hoa K\u1ef3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tinh l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm, \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho vi\u1ec7c chi\u1ebft xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, \u00edt t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 Trung c\u1ed9ng \u0111ang l\u00e0m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1990 \u0111\u1ebfn nay.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay, B\u1eafc Kinh d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u01b0u ti\u00ean cho cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1c n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10 v\u1eeba qua. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf qua b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb M\u1ef9, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi M\u1ef9 gia t\u0103ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh trong li\u00ean minh kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

H\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Pax Silica \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra hai ng\u00e0y 11 v\u00e0 12 th\u00e1ng 12 t\u1ea1i Hoa Th\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed1n quy t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ea1i Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 \u2013 Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Singapore, \u00dac;  Trung \u0110\u00f4ng c\u00f3 Israel, UAE v\u00e0  Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u00f3 Anh, H\u00e0 Lan.  M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m ngu\u1ed3n cung silicon, kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng AI v\u00e0 logistics.  Pax Silica s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u00e1n d\u1eabn \u0111a trung t\u00e2m, gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n ngu\u1ed3n cung.  [2]<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y, B\u1eafc Kinh ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i \u201cxi\u00eau h\u1ed3n l\u1ea1c ph\u00e1ch\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 tinh l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 T\u1ecbch T\u1eadp c\u1eadn B\u00ecnh t\u1eebng \u0111e d\u1ecda th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ng\u00e2n vang \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng gian c\u00e1ch xa B\u1eafc Kinh t\u1eeb  8 ng\u00e0n km \u0111\u1ebfn 11 ng\u00e0n km t\u00f9y theo qu\u00f4c gia. Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i t\u1eeb B\u1eafc kinh hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0n kh\u00f3i loanh quanh trong m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u1ed5 chai b\u1ecb th\u1eaft\u201d. Do v\u1eady B\u0103c Kinh ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi, cho d\u00f9 B\u1eafc Kinh v\u1eabn \u201cm\u01a1 m\u00e0ng\u201d v\u1ecb th\u1ebf th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u1edbi k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201cph\u00e1\u201d v\u1ecb th\u1ebf d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh – nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u201cb\u1eaft b\u00ed\u201d th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean Thao<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=26953<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] https:\/\/www.state.gov\/releases\/office-of-the-spokesperson\/2025\/12\/pax-silica-initiative\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

* https:\/\/scitechdaily.com\/scientists-develop-more-efficient-way-to-extract-rare-earth-elements-amid-global-trade-tensions\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

* https:\/\/www.questmetals.com\/blog\/efficient-way-to-extract-rare-earth-elements#:~:text=TH%C3%81NG%20M%C6%AF%E1%BB%9CI%20M%E1%BB%98T,Cole%20Morace<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(*) <\/em>N<\/em>ano l\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u1edf thang \u0111o nano, kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1 \u0111\u1ebfn 100 nanomet. M\u1ed9t nanomet b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tri\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t milimet, hay l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u1ef7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00e9t.<\/em><\/p>\n

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G\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 10 v\u1eeba qua, B\u1eafc Kinh bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 12 nguy\u00ean t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm xu\u1ea5t x\u1ee9 t\u1eeb Hoa L\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i xin ph\u00e9p khi xu\u1ea5t c\u1ea3ng sang qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c. Bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n l\u00e0m \u201cn\u00f3ng l\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng chi\u1ebfn\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27180,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,57,53],"tags":[118,212,537,119,82,98],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-27179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-chuyenmuc","category-giaoduc-vanhoc-lichsu","category-kinhte-chinhtri","tag-chinh-tri","tag-chuyen-de","tag-dat-hiem","tag-hoa-ky","tag-kinh-te","tag-trung-cong"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27179","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27179"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27179\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27182,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27179\/revisions\/27182"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27180"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27179"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27179"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27179"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}