{"id":27199,"date":"2025-12-23T00:44:56","date_gmt":"2025-12-23T00:44:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=27199"},"modified":"2025-12-23T00:45:00","modified_gmt":"2025-12-23T00:45:00","slug":"loi-the-nhan-quyen-thap-cua-trung-quoc","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=27199","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf\u00a0\u2018nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n\u00a0th\u1ea5p\u2019\u00a0c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u00a0<\/strong>
T\u1ea7n Huy, Perry Link<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n, n\u0103m 1989<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong> T\u1ea7n Huy v\u00e0 Perry Link, \u201cChina\u2019s \u2018Low-Human-Rights\u2019 Advantage,\u201d The Diplomat<\/em><\/mark><\/strong>,<\/em> 13\/12\/2025 <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch:<\/strong> Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Ph\u1ee5ng <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i \u2013 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang th\u1eafng th\u1ebf.<\/em> <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea7n Huy (Qin Hui), gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 danh d\u1ef1 ng\u00e0nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thanh Hoa v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/strong> H\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m nay, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p\u201d c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ed3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u201cph\u00e9p m\u00e0u\u201d kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung l\u01b0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ef1 do h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Nh\u01b0ng T\u1ea7n ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111ang ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 trong gi\u1edd \u0103n tr\u01b0a.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb tr\u1ea3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edd li\u1ec1n trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00f2a \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u2013 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/mark><\/strong> Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u c\u1ea3, ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ed1i t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o t\u00fai nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh tinh hoa c\u00f3 quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i.<\/mark><\/strong> T\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf, d\u00f9 mang ti\u1ebfng x\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch l\u1eddi t\u1ef1a cho cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a T\u1ea7n Huy<\/strong>, \u201cCh\u1eedng c\u1ee9u D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d (C\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7) \u2013 t\u1ef1a ti\u1ebfng Anh l\u00e0 \u201cSave Mr. Democracy\u201d<\/strong> (C\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y \u00d4ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7) \u2013 vi\u1ebft b\u1edfi Perry Link, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 danh d\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 V\u0103n h\u1ecdc So s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfng Trung t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc UC Riverside v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t quan ni\u1ec7m sai l\u1ea7m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1eb1ng, sau khi t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Anh gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u00ean b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfp thu khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u trong vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecb thu h\u00fat b\u1edfi n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y. \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c nhanh h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/strong> Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00ec c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nay, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u2013 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1edd \u01a1 v\u1edbi \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e1ch Tung \u0110\u1ea3o (Guo Songtao), \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Anh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1870, \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch h\u1ecd quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 Qu\u00e1ch ca ng\u1ee3i nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u t\u1eeb v\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y m\u1edbi cho \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7n d\u1eabn c\u00e1c c\u00e2u ch\u00e2m ng\u00f4n c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi cai tr\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u00ean b\u1ecb l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m v\u1eady. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u2013 \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 tam quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u2013 qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u201cquy\u1ec1n cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d (d\u1ecbch ngh\u0129a \u0111en c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb minzhu, <\/em>d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7) \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e2n gian. C\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 \u201cquy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d (minquan, <\/em>d\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n), \u201c\u00fd ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d (minyi, <\/em>d\u00e2n \u00fd), v\u00e0 \u201cqu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d (minguo, <\/em>d\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c) ch\u00ed \u00edt c\u0169ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 19 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 20.<\/strong> Trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u201cKhai s\u00e1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1910 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920, \u201c\u00d4ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d (Mr. Democracy) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh em song sinh v\u1edbi \u201c\u00d4ng Khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d (Mr. Science) trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. <\/p>\n\n\n

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Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m Trung Hoa D\u00e2n Qu\u1ed1c (1912-1949) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng (1949-1976) \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cd\u00e2n ch\u1ee7\u201d lu\u00f4n \u1edf th\u1ebf ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7.<\/strong> M\u1ed9t tia hy v\u1ecdng l\u1ea1c quan t\u1eebng l\u00f3e l\u00ean trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970 v\u00e0 1980, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, n\u1ebfu \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u201ckh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng\u201d kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh B\u1ed1n Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a, s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean ch\u00ednh v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n. V\u1ee5 th\u1ea3m s\u00e1t ng\u00e0y 04\/06\/1989 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y hy v\u1ecdng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u00ecm s\u00e2u tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1989, C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Nhung \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u, v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1992, khi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 <\/strong>v\u00e0 Francis Fukuyama vi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 th\u1ec3 th\u1ee9c \u201cc\u00e1o chung c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed,\u201d gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nhen nh\u00f3m l\u1ea1i hy v\u1ecdng.<\/mark><\/strong> C\u00f3 l\u1ebd Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, theo c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i \u1ea9n d\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u201ck\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d (jiegui<\/em>, ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ef9 hay h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp) v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m \u201cnh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d (floating population) g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ven bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kinh t\u1ebf kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/strong> Xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u1ef1 do hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gia nh\u1eadp T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (\u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2000), th\u00ec \u201ck\u1ebft n\u1ed1i\u201d s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf s\u1ebd bu\u1ed9c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 do h\u00f3a theo c\u00e1ch hoan ngh\u00eanh. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5.<\/strong> Hai b\u00ean kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch; h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean WTO s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan tr\u1ecdng. H\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n. Hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 ai l\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u2013 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u1edbn cho m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf trong c\u1ea1nh tranh kinh t\u1ebf khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/mark><\/strong> \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb. C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh r\u01b0\u1eddm r\u00e0, t\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n, b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i. <\/mark>C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf thu\u1ed9c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, n\u01a1i v\u1eeba cung c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u1eeba t\u1ea1o ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p. <\/p>\n\n\n

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V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, khi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n cho l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ea5p cao. Khi \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta.\u201d M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 cho t\u00f4i xem ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111ang chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean hay c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7; l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u201cm\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 n\u00f4 l\u1ec7.\u201d<\/mark><\/strong> (V\u00e2ng, c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, v\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n in \u0111\u1eadm trong k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i.) \u0110\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef v\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c du nh\u1eadp c\u00e1c \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u00ec gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u201cchi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3m<\/strong>,\u201d m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ecfng theo kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh Ronald Coase. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc thu mua ng\u0169 c\u1ed1c t\u1eeb n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi t\u1eebng h\u1ed9 trong m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u201cchi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch\u201d r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. V\u00e0i n\u0103m sau, khi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u201cc\u00f4ng x\u00e3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d v\u00e0 m\u00f9a m\u00e0ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201ct\u1eadp th\u1ec3\u201d ch\u1ec9 sau m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam, nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y bao nhi\u00eau t\u00f9y th\u00edch v\u00e0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 xong. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u201cc\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch\u201d th\u1eddi \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ee9c th\u1eddi t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1eeb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng sang t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n<\/mark><\/strong>. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb t\u1eeb c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c\u201d (nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, m\u1ecf, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n,\u2026) chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/mark><\/strong> Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201clo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf chi ph\u00ed giao d\u1ecbch\u201d m\u00e0 Ronald Coase \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng: Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh\u201d r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn so v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hai trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kinh t\u1ebf quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c (\u0110CSTQ) l\u00e0 <\/mark>t\u1ecbch thu \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng di c\u01b0<\/mark>.<\/mark><\/strong> H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed9 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1 d\u1ee1 nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i; \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf\u201d n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong ng\u00e0nh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n di c\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ed9 kh\u1ea9u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu ch\u0103m s\u00f3c y t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c con c\u00e1i, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u01b0 d\u00e2n h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p. <\/strong>N\u0103m 2017, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cnh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u t\u1ea7ng th\u1ea5p\u201d (diduan renkou<\/em>, \u0111\u00ea \u0111oan nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u) \u2013 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 khu ph\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u201cd\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p\u201d n\u1ebfu tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ea5t m\u1ef9 quan. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, h\u1ecd thu\u1ed9c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u201cth\u1ea5p,\u201d nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t: C\u1ed9ng sinh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p\u201d xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3u n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n.<\/mark><\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1eddi trung c\u1ed5 v\u1edbi n\u00f4ng n\u00f4, ho\u1eb7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eddi Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng, ho\u1eb7c Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng sinh, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 cung c\u1ea5p v\u1ed1n v\u00e0 b\u00ed quy\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1edf m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u kia, trong khi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c \u201cc\u00f3 nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p\u201d cung c\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/mark><\/strong> C\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i \u2013 ch\u00ed \u00edt l\u00e0 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u. Nh\u01b0ng theo th\u1eddi gian, \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 trong quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu. <\/p>\n\n\n

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Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Hong Kong bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng Lu\u1eadt \u0110\u1eabn \u0110\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Trung C\u1ed9ng, n\u0103m 2019<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc kinh t\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 Robert Fogel ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng sinh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 apartheid \u1edf Nam Phi, hai n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba, m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p,\u201d \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau. C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf phi th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Stalin v\u00e0 Hitler v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1930, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u201cch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng n\u00f4 th\u1ee9 hai\u201d xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1edf Trung v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u sau n\u0103m 1989. <\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng khai v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c Hans Modrow n\u0103m 2009, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m t\u01b0 duy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn trong gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201cNg\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Honecker.\u201d H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng Erich Honecker, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1971 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1989, \u00e2m m\u01b0u chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0o lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb b\u1ecb giam c\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a b\u00e1n \u1edf T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh. Sau c\u00f9ng, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1ebd suy y\u1ebfu. \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, trong khi T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ba l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: 1) x\u00e2y m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp m\u00ecnh; 2) h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ngang b\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c; v\u00e0 3) (tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p x\u1ea5u nh\u1ea5t) ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng \u0110\u1ee9c h\u00f3a\u201d trong khi Honecker \u0111i\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p t\u00e0n cu\u1ed9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Li\u00ean k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y ch\u01b0a \u0111i xa \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 trong Ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n Honecker, nh\u01b0ng \u0111ang c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3.<\/strong> V\u00ec l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft l\u00e0m ng\u01a1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh, h\u1ecd h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n.<\/mark> Nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u201cli\u1ec7t t\u1ec7 khu tr\u1ee5c l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ec7\u201d (ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ti\u1ec1n s\u1ea1ch), c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u00e0ng tham gia v\u00e0o tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i n\u00e0y l\u00e2u, th\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean mong manh \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c. Ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y r\u1eb1ng \u201cs\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i b\u00ean kia\u201d \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c. <\/p>\n\n\n

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V\u1eady ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec? Trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, M\u1ef9 t\u1eebng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u0103ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u00e1p thu\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. S\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 d\u00e0nh cho \u0110\u00e0i Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Hoa K\u1ef3 (Voice of America) v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i \u00c1 Ch\u00e2u T\u1ef1 Do (RFA) tuy c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng hai t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft r\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p duy nh\u1ea5t cho v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o \u201cto\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a\u201d ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a kinh t\u1ebf, th\u00ec n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb b\u1ecf \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p\u201d \u2013 ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba thay v\u00ec th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u? Ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda? <\/strong>Trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u1eabn s\u1ebd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, c\u1ea3 trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 trong quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNg\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng\u201d xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Khi gi\u1edbi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c t\u1ef1 do \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cc\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 m\u1edf c\u1eeda\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb7ng Ti\u1ec3u B\u00ecnh v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1980, th\u00ec M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u201cng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng\u201d \u2013 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1eeb hy v\u1ecdng h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong hai th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00f4i khi ch\u1eadp ch\u1eddn l\u00fac t\u1ecf l\u00fac m\u1edd v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2008 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00fa s\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 theo sau l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin sai l\u1ec7ch tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta mong \u0111\u1ee3i t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng. M\u1ef9 t\u1ecf ra y\u1ebfu th\u1ebf h\u01a1n tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u2013 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 m\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y h\u1ecd c\u00f3 v\u1ebb k\u00e9m t\u1ef1 tin h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ee5t r\u00e8 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 Nga v\u00e0 (cho \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y) Iran, nh\u1eefng b\u00ean m\u00e0 h\u1ecd r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch xoa d\u1ecbu trong t\u01b0 duy ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y tr\u1edf n\u00ean n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u00fac n\u00e0o k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u1eb1m \u1edf li\u00ean h\u1ec7 c\u1ed9ng sinh gi\u1eefa ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/strong> \u00c1p l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/mark><\/strong>. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng COVID-19 \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0110CSTQ c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 phong t\u1ecfa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn<\/mark>. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y hoang mang, v\u00e0 t\u00e1i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh kinh t\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb hung h\u0103ng h\u01a1n. (N\u1ebfu t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch c\u00f2n l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean quan ng\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh sinh h\u1ecdc.) <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf c\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f2n \u1edf c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/mark><\/strong>. C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u00ed d\u1ee5, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3: V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp WTO r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p xu\u1ed1ng 8,5% \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf<\/strong>. Sau c\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao n\u00e0y c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 \u00e2m k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949.<\/strong> \u1ede Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n lu\u00f4n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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T\u1eadp “\u0110\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ebf”<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, t\u00f4i lo r\u1eb1ng hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y n\u00e0o th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i m\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p.\u201d<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1c quan \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 do s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n th\u1eafng th\u1ebf, v\u00ec c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o, v\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do. Nh\u01b0ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng sinh \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u1ea3 hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp n\u00f3, v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng khi\u1ebfn cho ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng quan tr\u1ecdng. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y v\u1eeba l\u1ea1nh l\u1ebdo h\u01a1n, v\u1eeba mang t\u00ednh chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh c\u0169. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u0169, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft v\u00ec n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u1edf Ukraine v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n cao \u1edf M\u1ef9. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, khi Stalin v\u00e0 Mao n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u201cc\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi,\u201d h\u1ecd h\u00ecnh dung (d\u00f9 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb vi\u1ec3n v\u00f4ng) r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c ho\u1eb7c m\u01b0u m\u1eb9o. H\u1ecd ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd m\u01a1 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u201cdi\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u2013 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 h\u1ecd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ecd v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i th\u1ec3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u1ea3 c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3 v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ng\u1eef v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch g\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00e9p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n. <\/strong>C\u00e1nh t\u1ea3 M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u201cch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a t\u00e2n t\u1ef1 do,\u201d thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong khi c\u00e1nh h\u1eefu l\u00ean \u00e1n \u201cch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i,\u201d k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u1ef1 do h\u01a1n.<\/mark> C\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o\u1ea1t quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c thi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do l\u1eabn ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i.<\/mark> M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u201cch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111a v\u0103n h\u00f3a\u201d m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a chuy\u00ean ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy t\u00e2m c\u1ef1c \u0111oan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u201cthu\u1ebf quan l\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi\u201d c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho M\u1ef9 \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed s\u1ed1 1, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf nh\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111ang \u1edf trong (v\u00e0 \u0111ang thua) m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ng\u1ecdn h\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng \u0111ang lung lay. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y c\u0169ng lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Nh\u01b0ng theo t\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m.<\/mark><\/strong> V\u00ed d\u1ee5, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho Donald Trump m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng xem x\u00e9t nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Trump<\/mark>. Gi\u1edbi tinh hoa \u0110CSTQ c\u0169ng m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4. H\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n Mikhail Gorbachev g\u00e2y ra, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do s\u1ef1 tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea5p tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Leonid Brezhnev. Trump c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem (v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0) m\u1ed9t \u201cGorbachev \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c.\u201d Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111ang l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd l\u1edbn l\u00ean \u2013 trong \u0111\u00f3 \u201c\u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb theo h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng trong c\u1ea3 hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 \u201ck\u1ebb x\u1ea5u\u201d th\u1eadt qu\u00e1 gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u01a1n. Li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia M\u1ef9 ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a Trump, nh\u1eefng \u201cBrezhnev \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c,\u201d c\u00f3 suy ng\u1eabm k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi h\u1ecd n\u1eafm quy\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng? <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m cho r\u1eb1ng internet kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 suy t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.<\/strong> Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1p v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c, nh\u01b0ng t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, internet \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch h\u01a1n l\u00e0 t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i cho n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. Khi internet du nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 2000-2010, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn n\u00f3, xem n\u00f3 l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u201ckhai s\u00e1ng,\u201d ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9 g\u00e2y nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n cho ph\u00e9p d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eedi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn, d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u00f4ng tin. Ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n, c\u00f4ng l\u00fd, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1eadp hi\u1ebfn \u2013 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u00f3, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t internet m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00e0 kh\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng \u2013 nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t internet, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n internet, m\u1edbi d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn m\u00f9 m\u1ecbt \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay. <\/p>\n\n\n

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D\u00f9 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u1edf M\u1ef9 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0o \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa, th\u00ec ch\u00ed \u00edt internet v\u1eabn t\u1ef1 do. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ki\u1ec3u Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi internet \u1edf M\u1ef9.<\/mark><\/strong> N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta cho r\u1eb1ng internet cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 ngu d\u1ed1t lan r\u1ed9ng trong qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a internet hay c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. B\u1edfi n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tinh hoa t\u1ef1 cao t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean internet v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng <\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cC\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y \u00f4ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7,\u201d nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00d4ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u201ckhai s\u00e1ng\u201d cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1910 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1920, gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu \u0111u\u1ed1i.<\/strong> Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n m\u1ea3i m\u00ea b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi hay kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng phe d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang thua cu\u1ed9c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00e1o chung c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i nguy tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh c\u0169 t\u1ea1o ra \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e1c b\u1ecf v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n k\u1ec1. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ebfu ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 v\u1ebb bi quan, th\u00ec c\u0169ng xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng m\u00ecnh sai.<\/strong> \u00dd th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng l\u00fd t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n mang l\u1ea1i cho ch\u00fang ta l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng. <\/mark>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng hy v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m bi quan c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea7n Huy (Qin Hui) <\/strong>
Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 danh d\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Thanh Hoa v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u1edbi (b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Trung) \u201cC\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y \u00f4ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7.\u201d<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perry Link<\/strong> <\/em>
Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 danh d\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 V\u0103n h\u1ecdc so s\u00e1nh v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Trung t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc UC Riverside v\u00e0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/em> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00edch: Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf<\/strong>
https:\/\/nghiencuuquocte.org\/2025\/12\/19\/loi-the-nhan-quyen-thap-cua-trung-quoc\/#more-64845<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ea2nh minh ho\u1ea1: V\u1eadn H\u1ed9i M\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n: T\u1ea7n Huy v\u00e0 Perry Link, \u201cChina\u2019s \u2018Low-Human-Rights\u2019 Advantage,\u201d The Diplomat, 13\/12\/2025  Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Ph\u1ee5ng  Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ed3i \u2013 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang th\u1eafng th\u1ebf.  T\u1ea7n Huy (Qin Hui),\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":27201,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,8,12,9],"tags":[165,118,212,119,82,277,98,226],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-27199","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-binhluan","category-chinhtri-xahoi","category-chuyenmuc","category-kinhte","tag-binh-luan","tag-chinh-tri","tag-chuyen-de","tag-hoa-ky","tag-kinh-te","tag-tay-phuong","tag-trung-cong","tag-xa-hoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27199","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=27199"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27199\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":27204,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/27199\/revisions\/27204"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/27201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=27199"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=27199"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=27199"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}