{"id":27463,"date":"2026-01-14T20:25:20","date_gmt":"2026-01-14T20:25:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=27463"},"modified":"2026-01-14T20:25:24","modified_gmt":"2026-01-14T20:25:24","slug":"truoc-bien-dong-dia-chinh-tri-the-gioi-va-khu-vuc-viet-nam-chon-huong-di-nao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=27463","title":{"rendered":"Tr\u01b0\u1edbc Bi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ecba Ch\u00ednh Tr\u1ecb Th\u1ebf Gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Khu V\u1ef1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ch\u1ecdn H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0110i N\u00e0o?<\/strong>
Tr\u1ecdng Vi\u1ec7t<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"
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____________________<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

D\u1eabn nh\u1eadp.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Trong h\u01a1n hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ea7m trung nh\u01b0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do, vai tr\u00f2 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3, v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Trung C\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u00ednh sinh t\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111ang kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i. C\u1ea1nh tranh M\u1ef9\u2013Trung, chi\u1ebfn tranh Nga\u2013Ukraine, v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng an ninh h\u00f3a kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00fa s\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/strong> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u, FDI ( Foreign Direct Investment) v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ed1n d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u00edt b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a. Khi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00fang,<\/mark> <\/mark>n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea3ng CSVN chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i 14, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ..v..v.. trong 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi h\u1eb3n s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00eam t\u00fac \u0111\u1eb7t ra, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u1eeda v\u1eddi, tuy \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong trung h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, c\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho t\u00edch t\u1ee5 r\u1ee7i ro th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf trong d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n?<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e2n t\u00edch qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kinh t\u1ebf\u2013ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a phe nh\u00f3m, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, l\u1ee3i \u00edch (elite) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c <\/strong>trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ecba\u2013ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I. Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea7y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng: t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf cao, h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1eb1ng sau b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t: n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n trong khi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1eabn tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n

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Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i mu\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u00f3a. Vi\u1ec7c n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i bang giao v\u1edbi Hoa K\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1995, gia nh\u1eadp WTO n\u0103m 2007, k\u00fd k\u1ebft h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t FTA \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y mang t\u00ednh ngo\u1ea1i sinh cao. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng song h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf s\u00e2u nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i<\/strong>. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i: th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9<\/strong>, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng g\u1eafn v\u1edbi Trung C\u1ed9ng<\/strong>, v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n FDI t\u1eeb \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc \u00c1.<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng t\u00ednh d\u1ec5 t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c c\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ecba\u2013ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb.<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00e2n c\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nay, s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u M\u1ef9-Trung ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gay g\u1eaft, ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Trung C\u1ed9ng \u0111ang l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, \u0111\u1ecba\u2013ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u00e9p th\u1eed t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf, ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00e0 an ninh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 g\u1eafn b\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c, l\u1ee3i \u00edch elite v\u00e0 t\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n, y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u1ed9 r\u00f5.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

II. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
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  • L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng: M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t r\u1ee7i ro<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c trong B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft ch\u1ebf \u0110\u1ea3ng\u2013Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u01b0\u1ee3t ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n h\u1eadu chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ed5i M\u1edbi, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111ang bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 suy y\u1ebfu. K\u1ebf s\u00e1ch ch\u1ed1ng tham nh\u0169ng qua vi\u1ec7c \u201c\u0111\u1ed1t l\u00f2\u201d \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1t c\u00e1n. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng nay t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o TBT T\u00f4 L\u00e2m v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phe nh\u00f3m, nh\u01b0ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 T\u00f4 L\u00e2m v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u00e2u t\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \n
    • \u0110\u1ea3ng: Trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c si\u00eau th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n
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      \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

      \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean v\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u201csi\u00eau th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf\u201d, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh b\u1edfi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. <\/mark><\/strong>V\u1ec1 ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb; v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, n\u00f3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu t\u00ednh d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      Vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu ranh gi\u1edbi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u1ea3i \u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u01a1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, \u01b0u ti\u00ean an to\u00e0n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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      • \u0110\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c phe nh\u00f3m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, l\u1ee3i \u00edch (v\u00f9ng, mi\u1ec1n, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00f4ng an, elite) v\u00e0 b\u1eaby quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

        Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn elite thay v\u00ec \u0111a s\u1ed1 hay c\u1ea1nh tranh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. <\/strong>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng khai trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra \u201cb\u1eaby \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn<\/strong>\u201d: c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua khi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00f3m elite n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ea1nh tranh \u0111\u1ecba\u2013ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng, b\u1eaby \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n<\/strong>. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ee9ng nh\u1eafc khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \n
        • H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

          S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, vai tr\u00f2 si\u00eau th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn elite t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c thi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1ed1t \u1edf c\u1ea5p vi m\u00f4, nh\u01b0ng y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m \u1edf c\u1ea5p chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/strong> Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t, nh\u01b0ng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh \u01b0u ti\u00ean d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

          \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf d\u1eabn t\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u1eeda v\u1eddi m\u00e0 GS Minxin Pei \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea1ch ra.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

          III. Kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e8 qu\u1eb7t, n\u1eeda v\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f3a kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9: c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac lai gh\u00e9p, ch\u1eafp v\u00e1<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n
            \n
            \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

            Kinh t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201ckinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a<\/strong>\u201d, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac lai gh\u00e9p<\/strong> (hybrid system).<\/mark> C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng\u2014gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c\u2014\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, trong khi c\u00e1c tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i nh\u01b0 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, t\u01b0 ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u1ea1nh tranh b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecb ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd b\u1edfi nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng.<\/strong> <\/mark>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, CSVN khai th\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

            S\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u00edch t\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng m\u00e9o m\u00f3, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

            C\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

              \n
            • T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n lan t\u1ecfa<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

              M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c (FDI-led growth) \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 trung t\u00e2m trong th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong>. C\u00e1c t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111a qu\u1ed1c gia mang l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n thu ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 lan t\u1ecfa c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng sang khu v\u1ef1c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ecfng, doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tham gia \u1edf kh\u00e2u gia c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng th\u1ea5p.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

              Theo ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a hai GS Acemoglu v\u00e0 Robinson, khi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u0111i k\u00e8m quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, elite s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n.<\/strong> Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 n\u00e9t lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y: t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng cao nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u1ed9i sinh y\u1ebfu.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \n
              • T\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u1ed1n (Capital-driven Growth)<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                Trong h\u01a1n hai th\u1eadp ni\u00ean theo \u0111u\u1ed5i kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eeda m\u00f9a, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o t\u00edch lu\u1ef9 v\u1ed1n qua \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c, lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb, tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/strong> n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o (input), t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3u t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng “theo chi\u1ec1u r\u1ed9ng”<\/strong><\/mark>.<\/strong> Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp trung d\u1ed3n ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e1 ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n

                \n
                \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

                Nh\u01b0ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1edbi h\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/strong> <\/mark>Khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y m\u00f3c m\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i, ngu\u1ed3n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111ang l\u00e3o ho\u00e1, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u00eam 1 \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ed1n s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i \u00edt l\u1ee3i thu nh\u1eadp h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac Vi\u1ec7t Nam nay ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/strong> chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba (Productivity-driven Growth)<\/strong>, t\u1ee9c d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i<\/strong>, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o<\/strong>, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/strong>, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t<\/strong>, n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/strong> v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1edfi ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n.<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u01b0\u1edbc thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/strong>. V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                  \n
                • Quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • T\u1ef1 do h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • Ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t l\u1eabn nhau.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
                • D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                  \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 cho l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea3ng CSVN.<\/strong> Mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i sang chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba. Mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00ean, t\u1ee9c Productivity-driven Growth, ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n, t\u1ee9c d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u00f3a ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ef1 tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u00f3.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    \n
                  • Doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                    Doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u1eafm gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 chi ph\u1ed1i trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c then ch\u1ed1t, t\u1eeb n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng. <\/strong>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y v\u1eabn h\u01b0\u1edfng \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i v\u1ec1 t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean thua l\u1ed7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 k\u00e9o gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c to\u00e0n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                    Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb:<\/strong> ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 duy tr\u00ec ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho elite.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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                    • B\u1eaby n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                      Khi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb suy gi\u1ea3m v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u00e0 h\u00f3a, Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o b\u1eaby n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t trung b\u00ecnh<\/strong>. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf s\u00e2u nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ebd ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                      IV. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch, th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c, elite \u2013 C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf Tham nh\u0169ng<\/h4>\n\n\n
                      \n
                      \"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

                      Trong th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch (elite) thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau: qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00f4ng an, t\u00e0i phi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecf, doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00f9ng mi\u1ec1n ..v..v.. \u0110\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1, ph\u00e2n chia l\u1ee3i \u00edch, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tho\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p, \u0103n chia v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed thanh tr\u1eebng. M\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ch\u1ed3ng ch\u00e9o gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c phe ph\u00e1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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                      • Elite nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean minh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                        Elite ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb\u2013kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chung<\/strong>, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean minh l\u1ecfng l\u1ebbo c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n<\/strong>: elite \u0110\u1ea3ng\u2013h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh, elite doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, elite t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh\u2013b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. S\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean trao \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ph\u1ed5 qu\u00e1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                        C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac elite nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 \u01b0u th\u1ebf trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u00f3m n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng chi ph\u00ed ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p, tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i, v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch mang t\u00ednh ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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                        • Tham nh\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

                          Trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3ng, khi quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, tham nh\u0169ng th\u1ed1i n\u00e1t h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u1eeda v\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110CSVN, tham nh\u0169ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch. <\/strong><\/mark>Quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 elite. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a GS Minxin Pei v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00e0i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf.<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n

                          Tham nh\u0169ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00fap r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c elite v\u00e0o tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n