{"id":28221,"date":"2026-04-12T05:29:35","date_gmt":"2026-04-12T05:29:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=28221"},"modified":"2026-04-12T05:29:38","modified_gmt":"2026-04-12T05:29:38","slug":"trung-quoc-dang-bop-nghet-dong-nam-a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=28221","title":{"rendered":"Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1<\/strong>
Jessica C. Liao, Zenel Garcia<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"
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___________________________<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0Jessica C. Liao v\u00e0 Zenel Garcia, \u201cChina Is Squeezing Southeast Asia,\u201d\u00a0Foreign Affairs<\/em><\/mark><\/strong>, 24\/03\/2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: <\/strong>Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Ph\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gia t\u0103ng, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111ang d\u1ea7n n\u1ed5i l\u00ean.<\/mark><\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 l\u1ebd ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. B\u1eafc Kinh xem s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0u ti\u00ean: Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng T\u01a1 l\u1ee5a tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh \u2013 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn V\u00e0nh \u0111ai v\u00e0 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0o trung t\u00e2m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n.<\/strong> \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 thu h\u00fat kho\u1ea3ng 126 t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2020, khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/mark><\/strong> Khi Washington quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi \u0111e d\u1ecda thu\u1ebf quan v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ch\u1eadm l\u1ea1i, B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia thu\u1ed9c Hi\u1ec7p h\u1ed9i C\u00e1c Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. H\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 10, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i T\u1ef1 do Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 ASEAN 3.0, m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2015, l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam s\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u1eebng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung nay l\u1ea1i gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f5 c\u1ee5t. L\u1ef1c h\u00fat kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd v\u1ef1c d\u1eady.<\/mark><\/strong> Th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ecnh to khi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u1ec7t may \u1edf Indonesia \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e9p \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/mark><\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng v\u00e0 linh ki\u1ec7n trung gian \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c, l\u1ebd ra ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf trong khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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Indonesia: H\u00e3ng d\u1ec7t may v\u1edbi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng gia c\u00f4ng, tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c:<\/mark> khi \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m, c\u1ea1nh tranh qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c, v\u00e0 ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba \u00edt \u1ecfi, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ra th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i.<\/strong> Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia trong khu v\u1ef1c \u0111ang ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n y\u1ebfu, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thao t\u00fang quy \u0111\u1ecbnh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1ebd ra ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ecd.<\/mark> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ch\u01a1i theo lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2013 nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, c\u00e1c lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu minh b\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c gia nh\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\u201d Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, b\u1ecb nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u d\u01b0 th\u1eeba c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 hai.\u201d<\/mark><\/strong> Khi c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf, c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c khu kinh t\u1ebf do Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn \u2013 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 c\u1edd b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o \u2013 n\u1edf r\u1ed9 \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng t\u0103ng theo. S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ngo\u1ea1i giao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ph\u00e9p th\u1eed \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd: th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng qua h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf.<\/strong> Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, gi\u1edbi tinh hoa kinh doanh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ecf ra th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o khu v\u1ef1c mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i k\u00e8m, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0o v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i o\u1eb1n m\u00ecnh g\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00c0N NG\u1ed6NG KH\u00d4NG TH\u1ec2 BAY<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 quan ch\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1c quan v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u201c\u0111\u00e0n ng\u1ed7ng bay\u201d \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap Hong Kong, Singapore, H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 \u0110\u00e0i Loan ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sau th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. H\u1ed3i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960, khi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng cao, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i.<\/strong> Ng\u00e0y nay, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang bay ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang d\u1eabn d\u1eaft s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, h\u1ecd \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng v\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong to\u00e0n khu v\u1ef1c. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0n ng\u1ed7ng bay cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng quan h\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 l\u1ea1i \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng.<\/mark><\/strong> N\u0103m 2025, Trung Qu\u1ed1c ghi nh\u1eadn th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u h\u01a1n 1 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 USD, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ASEAN chi\u1ebfm kho\u1ea3ng 23%. Nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2020, nh\u01b0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u sang Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn ch\u1eefng l\u1ea1i trong c\u00f9ng k\u1ef3, \u0111\u1ea9y th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh t\u1eeb m\u1ee9c h\u01a1n 10 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010 l\u00ean kho\u1ea3ng 140 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024.<\/strong> H\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t-ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng theo k\u1ecbp s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Theo d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c (UNCTAD), v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023, \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p 5% v\u00e0o gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t-ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u2013 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Trung Qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm t\u1edbi 28%, cao h\u01a1n kho\u1ea3ng 10 \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m so v\u1edbi n\u0103m 2012.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Indonesia: D\u00e2n ch\u00fang bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh \u1edf th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Jakarta v\u00ec kinh t\u1ebf suy gi\u1ea3m, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, 8-2025<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2013 con ng\u1ed7ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n \u2013 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cao h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Khi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch t\u1eebng cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0n ng\u1ed7ng bay. <\/strong>\u1ede \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, pin, v\u00e0 t\u1ea5m pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00e2u th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t sang \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. B\u1eafc Kinh khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00f5i ho\u1eb7c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n giao sang qu\u1ed1c gia n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/mark><\/strong> Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, t\u1ea1i Indonesia, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t kho\u1ea3ng 75% ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tinh ch\u1ebf niken v\u00e0 \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 6 t\u1ef7 USD. Indonesia ch\u1ec9 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 10% gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb khai th\u00e1c qu\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a pin. Ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea3y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n vay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u01b0u ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1<\/mark>. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00e9p k\u00edn \u1edf qu\u00ea nh\u00e0<\/mark>, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf m\u1ecdi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e2u l\u1eafp r\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n h\u1ecd h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea9y qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1edf t\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0y<\/strong>. Vi\u1ec7c khai tr\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xe h\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n BYD t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i Lan v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024 \u0111\u00e3 mang theo m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a trung gian nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c, bao g\u1ed3m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng pin cao c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p th\u00e0nh xe h\u01a1i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u1edbi. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng xe h\u01a1i b\u1eb1ng th\u00e9p gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1i Lan \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn doanh s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3m 20%, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t xe h\u01a1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i Lan. C\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m gia c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch cho r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m trung chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111i n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ef1 ch\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh c\u0169ng \u0111ang l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn m\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111ang gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ee9ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn.<\/mark> Malaysia, Singapore, v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam cung c\u1ea5p chip cho xe h\u01a1i, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd y\u1ebfu \u0111i do B\u1eafc Kinh tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u. Trong v\u00f2ng 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i chip th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, v\u1ed1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169 h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Trong l\u00fac c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c thay th\u1ebf c\u00e1c linh ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1eb1ng chip c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Trung c\u1ed9ng: Xe h\u01a1i \u0111i\u1ec7n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t d\u01b0 th\u1eeba, ch\u1edd \u1edf c\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 c\u00f3 chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/strong> V\u00ed d\u1ee5, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb \u2013 tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 2 t\u1ef7 USD m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng \u2013 \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng d\u1ec7t may gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n khi\u1ebfn Indonesia m\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n 80.000 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2024. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/strong> H\u01a1n 2.000 khu ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1i t\u1ea1o l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 Trina Solar, chuy\u00ean l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m pin n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf t\u1ec9nh Giang T\u00f4, mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y k\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c, khung nh\u00f4m, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c ngay trong t\u1ea7m tay. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng robot v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng cao m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. T\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n Midea, g\u00e3 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia d\u1ee5ng, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 h\u00e0ng t\u1ef7 USD \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u201ct\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n\u201d (ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi 10% s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n so v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5p d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef0 TH\u1ea4T B\u1ea0I V\u1ec0 M\u1eb6T TH\u1ec2 CH\u1ebe<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t t\u1eeb c\u00fa s\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee9 hai li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m so v\u1edbi kinh t\u1ebf. <\/mark>Quan h\u1ec7 kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y \u2013 v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng th\u00eam \u2013 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3n tr\u1edf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/strong> Gi\u1edbi tinh hoa ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh doanh tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 xem ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu cho t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, h\u1ecd \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y.<\/mark> C\u00e1c tranh ch\u1ea5p lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, suy tho\u00e1i m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Indonesia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh. Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 ch\u00ednh cho nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Indonesia. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n do Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn l\u1ea1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n. T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y luy\u1ec7n niken thu\u1ed9c s\u1edf h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Sulawesi v\u00e0 Maluku, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2020 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u1ee3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u01b0u ti\u00ean thu\u00ea m\u01b0\u1edbn lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c thay v\u00ec lao \u0111\u1ed9ng Indonesia. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng lan r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, s\u00f4ng ng\u00f2i, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng do c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1eabn n\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea1o lo\u1ea1n ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ho\u00e0i nghi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Indonesia trong vi\u1ec7c bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. N\u0103m 2023, vi\u1ec7c c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf di d\u1eddi c\u01b0 d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ed9t khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 4 t\u1ef7 USD do Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn tr\u00ean \u0110\u1ea3o Rempang, g\u1ea7n Singapore, \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t. Ngay c\u1ea3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft cao t\u1ed1c n\u1ed1i Jakarta v\u1edbi Bandung \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Joko Widodo ca ng\u1ee3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Indonesia trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024 \u2013 c\u0169ng thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed.<\/strong> T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m, Prabowo Subianto, t\u1eebng xem tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o n\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c khi \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phe \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp; gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1edbi khi nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3n l\u1ed7 c\u1ee7a d\u1ef1 \u00e1n n\u00e0y c\u1ee9 ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Campuchia: D\u00e2n ch\u00fang bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Hunsen, \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea3ng C\u1ee9u Nguy D\u00e2n T\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a Sam Rainsy, 2014<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

D\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. T\u1ea1i Myanmar, n\u01a1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 d\u00e2n c\u1eed trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh n\u0103m 2021, c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p do Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ma t\u00fay, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng bu\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t g\u00e2y nghi\u1ec7n. T\u1ea1i Campuchia, ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 ng\u00e0nh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 s\u00f2ng b\u1ea1c, bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea3ng Sihanoukville th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m r\u1eeda ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 bu\u00f4n ng\u01b0\u1eddi; ng\u00e0y nay th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi n\u1ee3 n\u1ea7n, nh\u1eefng t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 b\u1ecf hoang, v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 v\u1ee1 m\u1ed9ng. Ngay c\u1ea3 Singapore c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mi\u1ec5n nhi\u1ec5m. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2023 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi r\u1eeda ti\u1ec1n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y vi\u1ec7c d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 len l\u1ecfi v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n lan r\u1ed9ng trong c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m, c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 b\u00e9n r\u1ec5 s\u00e2u tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 t\u1eeb d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/strong> Trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, thay v\u00ec th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i, gi\u1edbi tinh hoa ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f5a n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 th\u00eam s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. <\/mark><\/strong>\u1ede Campuchia v\u00e0 L\u00e0o, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn mang t\u00ednh c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. H\u1ecd li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00f4i khi v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng an ninh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Trung Qu\u1ed1c gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ebfn t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n. M\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025 c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Kinh doanh IMD t\u1ea1i Th\u1ee5y S\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb Indonesia, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ASEAN ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 l\u00ean ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi 7% l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc Kinh tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, trong khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc G7 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi 12 \u0111\u1ebfn 15%. C\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ebfm khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ngo\u1ea1i giao c\u1ea5p cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed0I M\u1eb6T V\u1edaI TH\u1ef0C T\u1ebe<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, nh\u1eefng r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ph\u01a1i b\u00e0y nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd.<\/strong> C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd s\u1ebd k\u00e9o c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1ea1i g\u1ea7n nhau v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed khu v\u1ef1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra \u0111ang l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1edbt l\u1edd ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng nguy c\u01a1 bi\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n r\u1eddi r\u1ea1c th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/strong> S\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c \u1edf Jakarta v\u00e0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 08\/2025, cho th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u00e0o n\u1ebfu n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf tr\u00ec tr\u1ec7 v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n kh\u1ea3 thi n\u00e0o m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y; s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecd h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp kinh t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd s\u1edbm th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eb1m xoa d\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t m\u00e3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u00e2ng cao.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a khu v\u1ef1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Singapore v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u1edbi Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Malaysia v\u00e0 Brunei, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ed1i t\u00e1c To\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 xuy\u00ean Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng (CPTPP) do Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u. <\/strong>C\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady mang l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u00f3a c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean tr\u00ean chu\u1ed7i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng mang \u0111\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ti\u1ebfp thu c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. V\u00e0 trong khi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1edf t\u1ea1i, th\u00ec c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t mang l\u1ea1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ea5t b\u00e1n d\u1eabn, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m sinh h\u1ecdc.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp l\u1eabn nhau. M\u1ed9t l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc trong khu v\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1eadt v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 h\u1ecd thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y trong c\u00e1c quan h\u1ec7 song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/mark><\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 khi t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i, h\u1ecd m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Kinh \u2013 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf l\u1edbn n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. <\/strong>Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, ASEAN \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 do c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o phi thu\u1ebf quan nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau, th\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c h\u1ea3i quan ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh khung v\u1ec1 Kinh t\u1ebf S\u1ed1 (DEFA) m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y mang l\u1ea1i hy v\u1ecdng, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch d\u1ee1 b\u1ecf nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed n\u1ed9i kh\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e0nh cho gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ASEAN c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao.<\/strong> C\u00e1c s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c \u201cx\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00fac\u201d d\u1ea1y ngh\u1ec1 do nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Malaysia t\u1ea1i Penang, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa ngu\u1ed3n cung lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 tay ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u \u0111ang ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Suy cho c\u00f9ng, s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n, ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n, khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. <\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ASEAN v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf trong 5 n\u0103m t\u1edbi \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025 \u2013 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u1ec1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 t\u00ednh minh b\u1ea1ch.<\/mark><\/strong> Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u00fd ch\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ec9 khi \u0111\u00f3, khu v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng m\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5t c\u00e1nh bay l\u00ean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jessica C. Liao<\/strong> <\/em>
Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00e2u \u00c1 t\u1ea1i Khoa Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 An ninh Qu\u1ed1c gia thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zenel Garcia <\/strong>
Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u An ninh v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Khoa Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 An ninh Qu\u1ed1c gia thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: V\u1eadn H\u1ed9i M\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n

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<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ngu\u1ed3n:\u00a0Jessica C. Liao v\u00e0 Zenel Garcia, \u201cChina Is Squeezing Southeast Asia,\u201d\u00a0Foreign Affairs, 24\/03\/2026 Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Kim Ph\u1ee5ng Khi s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gia t\u0103ng, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111ang d\u1ea7n n\u1ed5i l\u00ean. \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 l\u1ebd ra ph\u1ea3i \u0111ang h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c.\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12844,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,8,12,9,53],"tags":[87,165,118,212,82,98,226],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-28221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-binhluan","category-chinhtri-xahoi","category-chuyenmuc","category-kinhte","category-kinhte-chinhtri","tag-asean","tag-binh-luan","tag-chinh-tri","tag-chuyen-de","tag-kinh-te","tag-trung-cong","tag-xa-hoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28221","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28221"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28221\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28229,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28221\/revisions\/28229"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12844"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28221"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28221"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28221"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}