{"id":28942,"date":"2026-08-02T06:32:53","date_gmt":"2026-08-02T06:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=28942"},"modified":"2026-08-02T06:32:55","modified_gmt":"2026-08-02T06:32:55","slug":"chien-luoc-xuat-khau-cua-bac-kinh-dang-kim-ham-cac-nuoc-ngheo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=28942","title":{"rendered":"Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111ang k\u00ecm h\u00e3m c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o<\/strong>
ARVIND SUBRAMANIAN, SHOUMITRO CHATTERJEE<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"
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C\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n Ch\u00e2u S\u01a1n, th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Ninh Ba, t\u1ec9nh Chi\u1ebft Giang, TC<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: <\/strong> Shoumitro Chatterjee v\u00e0 Arvind Subramanian, \u201cChina Is Pulling Up the Ladder Behind It\u201d, Foreign Affairs<\/em><\/mark><\/strong>, 18\/06\/2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: <\/strong>Vi\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng Huy<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1eabn m\u1ed9t b\u00ean cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu ch\u00ed m\u1ea1ng.<\/mark><\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1 kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng cho h\u1ecd c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a.<\/mark><\/strong> Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u2014 nh\u1eefng b\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 t\u1eebng gi\u00fap t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c) \u2014 B\u1eafc Kinh hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i \u0111ang tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 \u0111ang leo l\u00ean n\u1ea5c thang c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p; h\u1ecd c\u00f2n \u0111ang k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ed5 chi\u1ebfc thang m\u00ecnh t\u1eebng leo.<\/mark><\/strong> Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh cao m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u2014 xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, pin, drone \u2014 nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 r\u00fat lui kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169 k\u1ef9, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00fap ch\u00ednh h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp cao c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trung b\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u00f3i.<\/strong> V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kinh t\u1ebf cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: duy tr\u00ec l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh trong h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Canh b\u1ea1c \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u0111ang m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa n\u1edbi r\u1ed9ng. Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00ednh tr\u00ean t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng GDP th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ee9c cao l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/mark><\/strong>. Qu\u1ef9 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1ea5t c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i k\u00e8m \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng lan t\u1ecfa ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0 Brad Setser v\u00e0 Shahin Val\u00e9e \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Foreign Affairs<\/em>, h\u00e0nh vi thao t\u00fang ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/mark><\/strong> K\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 l\u1edbn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, r\u01a1i v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cc\u00fa s\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u1ed3 \u1ea1t v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9.<\/mark><\/strong> C\u00fa s\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1i \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng hi\u1ebfm hoi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00fa s\u1ed1c m\u1edbi n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i mang m\u1ed9t s\u1eafc th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 \u00edt t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh \u00e1p thu\u1ebf, c\u1ea5m v\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh t\u1eeb h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 \u0111ang \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c \u2014 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng quanh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed1t trong v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt cao c\u1ea5p \u0111i k\u00e8m. S\u1ef1 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c xe \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 xanh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda sinh t\u1ed3n cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u00e2u \u00c2u.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e1 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m lu m\u1edd m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ecbu h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb c\u00fa s\u1ed1c Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u1edf Detroit hay Stuttgart, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i nh\u01b0 Addis Ababa, Dhaka, Lagos, Nairobi, Phnom Penh, Surat v\u00e0 Tirupur.<\/mark><\/strong> T\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111o \u0111\u1ebfm ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u1ecb c\u1eaft gi\u1ea3m hay c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn t\u1eeb kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, nh\u1eefng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch l\u0169y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf ra. \u0110\u00f3 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 ch\u00e8n \u00e9p t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n

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Th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 m\u1eadu d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a TC v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

H\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ch\u00e8n \u00e9p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m t\u1ef7 USD th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u b\u1ecb b\u1ecf l\u1ee1, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111i sau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n d\u1ecbch c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi qu\u1ed1c gia tho\u00e1t ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1edd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o: qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t, l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c gi\u00fap h\u1ea5p th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, logistics, b\u00ed quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i m\u1edf, cho ph\u00e9p h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi tho\u00e1t ngh\u00e8o nh\u1edd s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, ch\u00ednh s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111ang ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00e8n \u00e9p<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c<\/strong> \u2014 t\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch gi\u1eefa xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u2014l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u1edf n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. <\/mark><\/strong>Trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kho\u1ea3ng 2,2 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 USD c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb 700 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ebfn 1,4 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 USD t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 may m\u1eb7c, gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i, \u0111\u1ed3 n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u2014 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh v\u1edbi ngu\u1ed3n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o \u0111ang c\u1ea1nh tranh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t cho \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. <\/strong>T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m nh\u01b0 \u00e1o s\u01a1 mi hay gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p \u2014 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1990, \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec9nh \u1edf m\u1ee9c h\u01a1n 60% v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2014, v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1ea3m d\u1ea7n. Xu h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u00e8n \u00e9p c\u00f3 v\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u00f4 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf s\u00f3t ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o s\u01a1 mi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o s\u01a1 mi. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m v\u1ea3i, s\u1ee3i, kh\u00f3a k\u00e9o v\u00e0 c\u00fac \u00e1o, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3i, logistics v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. Khi t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed5ng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba h\u00f3a trong xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cxu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng\u201d <\/strong>\u2014 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra d\u1ecdc theo chu\u1ed7i cung \u1ee9ng \u2014 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng h\u00e0ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m \u0111i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng l\u00ean, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n. Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng n\u1eafm gi\u1eef th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngu\u1ed3n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u1eafp r\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3: \u00edt \u00e1o s\u01a1 mi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea9m h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ee3i, kh\u00f3a k\u00e9o, c\u00fac \u00e1o v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 li\u1ec7u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 h\u01a1n.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh xem s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u00e1i qu\u00e1 hay kh\u00f4ng. H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi hay kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay khi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u1edf m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang l\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb \u1edf Trung c\u1ed9ng<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i b\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t hai ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7ch nhau qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng<\/strong>. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XXI, trong s\u1ed1 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 kh\u1edbp nhau. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, hai ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. Gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2013 v\u00e0 2023, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 64%, ngay c\u1ea3 khi t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m ba \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u1ea7n tr\u0103m. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u00e0y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u201cv\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u201d c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 33% l\u00ean 36% t\u1ed5ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a con s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u00e0nh may m\u1eb7c, d\u1ec7t may, da gi\u00e0y, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng n\u00e0y t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng kho\u1ea3ng 110 t\u1ef7 USD xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022. Tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u00e0 h\u01a1n 355 t\u1ef7 USD v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2022<\/mark>. <\/strong>Kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gia t\u0103ng sau n\u0103m 2022 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, nh\u01b0ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u00f4 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024 cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 c\u0169ng mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i. Khi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay \u1edf m\u1ee9c gi\u00e0u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 nh\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng gian ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/mark><\/strong> Sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh theo m\u1ee9c thu nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a ng\u00e0y nay d\u1ec5 giao th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01a1n nh\u1edd chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u1edf m\u1ee9c GDP \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng 8% trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y nay cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, \u1edf m\u1ee9c 27%. Kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, khi nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi t\u1ed5ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u th\u00f4 to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, cho th\u1ea5y l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u v\u01b0\u1ee3t ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 140 t\u1ef7 USD trong b\u1ed1n l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1ed3m may m\u1eb7c, d\u1ec7t may, da v\u00e0 gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p \u2014 con s\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n s\u00e1t v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh 110 t\u1ef7 USD t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hai c\u00e1ch so s\u00e1nh r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau do \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y kinh t\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. <\/mark><\/strong>Nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee3i l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ch\u00e8n \u00e9p n\u00e0y c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u Phi c\u1eadn Sahara, n\u01a1i xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 \u1edf m\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng 12 t\u1ef7 USD. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia trong khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u00eam kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u2014 v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u chi ph\u00ed c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u1ee7i ro kinh doanh \u2014 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean g\u1ea5p v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n. C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 v\u00e0 Nam \u00c1 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng l\u1edbn, v\u1edbi xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p t\u0103ng t\u1eeb 75% \u0111\u1ebfn 175%.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n cho m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i v\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 l\u1edbn. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m thu h\u1eb9p c\u00e1c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c v\u1ea1ch ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ch\u00e8n \u00e9p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1edbt l\u1edd. <\/mark><\/strong>Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u0169ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u2014 th\u00f4ng qua l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4, logistics, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea1nh tranh n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba kh\u1ed1c li\u1ec7t \u2014 th\u00ec c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, s\u1ef1 ch\u00e8n \u00e9p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i, th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ngay c\u1ea3 khi ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh. <\/strong>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Qu\u1ed1c cho th\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u0103ng. Trong ng\u00e0nh may m\u1eb7c, ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c trung b\u00ecnh kho\u1ea3ng 10.000 USD \u2014 cao g\u1ea5p kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf Bangladesh v\u00e0 b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi \u1edf \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. C\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e1ng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng b\u00e1nh l\u1edbn h\u01a1n trong th\u1ecb ph\u1ea7n xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn t\u1ecf ra v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1ng g\u1eddm ngay c\u1ea3 trong c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf chi ph\u00ed lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp cho b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng 15 gi\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y <\/strong>v\u00e0 c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf t\u1eeb t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung \u1ee9ng s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c c\u1ee5m c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng logistics \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ea1nh tranh th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bi\u1ebfn d\u1ea1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chi ti\u1ebft \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u. Trong h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 qua, nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn b\u1edfi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ngo\u00e0i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac \u2014 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a \u2014 tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 kh\u00e1c. Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c mua s\u1eafm ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ng\u00e0nh ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o. <\/strong>Tuy nhi\u00ean, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ef9 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang g\u1ee3i \u00fd r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eadp trung tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cao thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c xe \u0111i\u1ec7n, pin, t\u1ea5m pin m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i \u00edt c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y trong ng\u00e0nh may m\u1eb7c, gi\u00e0y d\u00e9p, \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 l\u1eafp r\u00e1p c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ed3n s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i.<\/strong> Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7 v\u1eabn \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p t\u1eeb 15% \u0111\u1ebfn 25%.<\/strong> <\/mark>H\u00e0nh vi can thi\u1ec7p ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p: gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 2013 v\u00e0 2018, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3m song song v\u1edbi t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t can thi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef cho \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i y\u1ebfu; sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd t\u0103ng l\u00ean, v\u00e0 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng can thi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb1m thao t\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7 c\u0169ng t\u0103ng theo<\/mark><\/strong>. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef \u1edf m\u1ee9c r\u1ebb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n thu\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1ebb h\u01a1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1eaft h\u01a1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2014 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00e8n \u00e9p t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c.<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f3n h\u1eddi cho B\u1eafc Kinh<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u00e8n \u00e9p t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c? C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, Li\u00ean minh Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam c\u00e1c th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i t\u1ef1 do v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1edbn v\u00e0 Qu\u1ef9 Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 thu nh\u1eadp th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 trung b\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n r\u1ea5t h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. X\u00e9t cho c\u00f9ng, B\u1eafc Kinh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1edd \u01a1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ngay c\u1ea3 t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Washington v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf c\u1eeda th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Donald Trump \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc trong vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p thu\u1ebf cao \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c khi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111e d\u1ecda h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c n\u00e0o, do \u0111\u00f3, s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf cho Washington \u2014 v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb b\u1ecf c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i mang t\u00ednh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, t\u1eeb b\u1ecf v\u1ecb th\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ea1i T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u2014 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p c\u00e1c r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n thu\u1ebf quan \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf.<\/p>\n\n\n

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Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn mi\u1ec5n thu\u1ebf cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o \u2014 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u2014 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n v\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a th\u00e2m d\u1ee5ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngh\u00e8o \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n thanh to\u00e1n t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n. \u00cdt nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n giao c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb sang c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2025, khi B\u1eafc Kinh g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c bu\u1ed9c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Foxconn ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat 300 nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t. <\/mark><\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd b\u1ed5 khuy\u1ebft cho S\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn V\u00e0nh \u0111ai v\u00e0 Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u2014 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ed1n \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ef7 gi\u00e1 h\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e1i, hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i m\u1edf ra. Trung Qu\u1ed1c, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng USD. S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang b\u1ecb x\u00f3i m\u00f2n do c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ho\u00e0i nghi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh M\u1ef9. Vi\u1ec7c B\u1eafc Kinh t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7 v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf x\u00e9t t\u1eeb kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh l\u00e0m m\u1ea1nh th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y t\u1ed5n h\u1ea1i cho xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u: m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la. V\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ec7 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng lan t\u1ecfa t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ngh\u00e8o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau, c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u tay ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f3n h\u1eddi cho B\u1eafc Kinh theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c mu\u1ed1n g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1ebf l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng qua s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng b\u00ean kh\u00e1c.<\/strong> \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 suy gi\u1ea3m v\u1ecb th\u1ebf b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9; h\u1ecd c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SHOUMITRO CHATTERJEE <\/strong>
Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd ng\u00e0nh Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf C\u1ea5p cao thu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Johns Hopkins, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 H\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00fa t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ef9 Carnegie v\u00ec H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

ARVIND SUBRAMANIAN <\/strong>
Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vi\u00ean Cao c\u1ea5p t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Kinh t\u1ebf Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Peterson. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 2014 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2018, \u00f4ng t\u1eebng gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edfng cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n tr\u00edch: Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf<\/strong>
https:\/\/nghiencuuquocte.org\/2026\/06\/22\/chien-luoc-xuat-khau-cua-bac-kinh-dang-kim-ham-cac-nuoc-ngheo\/#more-67510<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ea2nh minh h\u1ecda: V\u1eadn H\u1ed9i M\u1edbi<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Ngu\u1ed3n:  Shoumitro Chatterjee v\u00e0 Arvind Subramanian, \u201cChina Is Pulling Up the Ladder Behind It\u201d, Foreign Affairs, 18\/06\/2026 Bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch: Vi\u00ean \u0110\u0103ng Huy Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. S\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":29119,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[7,8,12,9,53],"tags":[165,118,212,82,812,779,811,98,226],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-28942","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-binhluan","category-chinhtri-xahoi","category-chuyenmuc","category-kinhte","category-kinhte-chinhtri","tag-binh-luan","tag-chinh-tri","tag-chuyen-de","tag-kinh-te","tag-pha-gia","tag-san-xuat-du-thua","tag-soc-kinh-te","tag-trung-cong","tag-xa-hoi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28942","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=28942"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28942\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29179,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28942\/revisions\/29179"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/29119"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=28942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=28942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=28942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}