{"id":3045,"date":"2020-07-01T01:52:13","date_gmt":"2020-07-01T01:52:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=3045"},"modified":"2020-07-11T21:50:33","modified_gmt":"2020-07-11T21:50:33","slug":"tai-sao-my-tham-gia-cuoc-chien-phap-ly-o-bien-dong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=3045","title":{"rendered":"T\u1ea1i sao M\u1ef9 tham gia cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p l\u00fd \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Robert Beckman <\/strong> Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: H\u1ed3ng Quy\u00ean<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 12\/12\/2019, Malaysia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u00ean \u1ee6y ban gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba (CLCS) \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n (UNCLOS) n\u0103m 1982 \u2013 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u1edf \u0111\u00e1y bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00e1i trong khu v\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ph\u1ea1m vi 200 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd (370km) thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf (EEZ) c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u1edf ph\u00eda Nam Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Malaysia ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a CLCS v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n ra sau khi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 chung v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u00ean c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2009.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Malaysia l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c: N\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m l\u00ean T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Malaysia vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf bi\u1ec3n Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. C\u00f4ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Philippines, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Indonesia. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 l\u00ean CLCS kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m ngo\u1ea1i giao th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhau. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i tr\u00ean trang m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Ti\u1ec3u ban Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 lu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc. Qua \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c y\u00eau s\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3n t\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ASEAN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u1ea3 ba n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ASEAN \u0111\u1ec1u n\u00f3i r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi UNCLOS m\u00e0 h\u1ecd v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u tham gia. C\u1ea3 ba n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 th\u00eam r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi UNCLOS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u0103m 2016 c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n tranh ch\u1ea5p \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng gi\u1eefa Philippines v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Trong \u0111\u00f3, Philippines v\u00e0 Indonesia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00ec v\u1eady, ba n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf coi ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9, cho d\u00f9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng tham d\u1ef1 phi\u00ean x\u1eed v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd coi ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 l\u00ean T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c h\u00f4m 1\/6\/2020, \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh h\u00f4m 12\/12\/2019 sau khi Malaysia \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00ean CLSC trong c\u00f9ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00fd do M\u1ef9 can thi\u1ec7p<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t v\u00ec M\u1ef9 c\u00e1ch xa Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng tham gia UNCLOS, v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11\/1982. \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, M\u1ef9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 v\u00ec c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 \u00fd vi ph\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e9t \u1edf h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n, nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u1edbi l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Indonesia, Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Philippines v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c y\u00eau s\u00e1ch bi\u1ec3n \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u201cquy\u1ec1n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n theo UNCLOS.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ch\u00fang kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 \u201c\u0111\u1ea3o\u201d t\u1ea1i \u0110i\u1ec1u 121 (1) c\u1ee7a UNCLOS \u2013 \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean, bao quanh l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ec3n khi th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u l\u00ean. Theo UNCLOS, nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh ch\u00ecm ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i l\u00ean khi th\u1ee7y tri\u1ec1u xu\u1ed1ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i l\u00e3nh h\u1ea3i t\u00ednh t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ea3o\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c coi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p. M\u1ef9 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng UNCLOS quy \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 Indonesia v\u00e0 Philippines m\u1edbi c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n v\u1ebd c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1eb3ng n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m ngo\u00e0i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 d\u1ea3i san h\u00f4 ng\u1ea7m xa b\u1edd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ef9 im l\u1eb7ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi EEZ<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i hay c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n trong c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Indonesia, Philippines v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u Trung Qu\u1ed1c, theo UNCLOS, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t EEZ v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf ri\u00eang l\u1ebb \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ngm\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n hay kh\u00f4ng. S\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi EEZ r\u1ed9ng 200 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t trong v\u1ee5 ki\u1ec7n tranh ch\u1ea5p Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 EEZ hay th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba<\/strong>; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u01a1i \u0103n ch\u1ed1n \u1edf hay \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u00f3 l\u00e3nh h\u1ea3i r\u1ed9ng 12 h\u1ea3i l\u00fd<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 suy \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t EEZ v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o ri\u00eang l\u1ebb thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa hay kh\u00f4ng. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd M\u1ef9 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng \u2013 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng, h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u2013 v\u00e0 \u00edt quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ai c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t EEZ v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh nh\u1ecf, v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c EEZ quanh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh n\u00e0o thu\u1ed9c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sa l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t EEZ v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ri\u00eang c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ASEAN ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t EEZ t\u00ednh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n hay qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a UNCLOS, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean trong ph\u1ea1m vi v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n thu\u1ed9c EEZ v\u00e0 th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 Indonesia l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c bi\u1ec3n ch\u1ed3ng l\u1ea5n v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c quy\u1ec1n th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u00e1ch xa b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n trong khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u00e3i T\u01b0 Ch\u00ednh (Vanguard Bank), v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 Philippines l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u1edf B\u00e3i C\u1ecf Rong (Reed Bank).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o c\u00e1i m\u00e0 theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tranh ch\u1ea5p khu v\u1ef1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ASEAN ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1p Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 vui m\u1eebng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 coi ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u0103m 2016 c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c UNCLOS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 quan ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c \u0111ua tranh gi\u00e0nh \u01b0u th\u1ebf \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9. Trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o, vi\u1ec7c trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng h\u00e0m l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y tranh ch\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p theo lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng s\u1edbm k\u1ebft th\u00fac, cho d\u00f9 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n gi\u1eefa ASEAN v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc \u1ee9ng x\u1eed \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n.\/.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Robert Beckman, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt Bi\u1ec3n,trung t\u00e2m Lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf NUS, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 khoa Lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a NUS. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean The Straits Times.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngu\u1ed3n: Nghi\u00ean C\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf<\/strong> (nghiencuuquocte.org)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3: Robert Beckman Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: H\u1ed3ng Quy\u00ean Ng\u00e0y 12\/12\/2019, Malaysia \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ri\u00eang l\u00ean \u1ee6y ban gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n th\u1ec1m l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba (CLCS) \u2013 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo C\u00f4ng \u01b0\u1edbc Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 Lu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n (UNCLOS) n\u0103m 1982 \u2013 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":3179,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8,12,53],"tags":[85,86],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-3045","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-chinhtri-xahoi","category-chuyenmuc","category-kinhte-chinhtri","tag-bien-dong","tag-luat-bien"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3045","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3045"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3045\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3179"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3045"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3045"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3045"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}