{"id":3107,"date":"2020-07-03T00:41:28","date_gmt":"2020-07-03T00:41:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=3107"},"modified":"2025-07-14T04:50:33","modified_gmt":"2025-07-14T04:50:33","slug":"xay-dung-luc-luong-de-chuan-bi-xam-chiem-mien-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=3107","title":{"rendered":"X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng L\u1ef1c L\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ec3 Chu\u1ea9n B\u1ecb X\u00e2m Chi\u1ebfm Mi\u1ec1n Nam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

V\u00f5 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n<\/strong><\/em> – <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 21-7-1954, trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Gen\u00e8ve, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, 22-7-1954, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gian kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n Nam, m\u00e0 h\u1ecd H\u1ed3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta”. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1nNam, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb tr\u00ean mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng X\u00e3 H\u1ed9i Ch\u1ee7 Ngh\u0129a”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau cu\u1ed9c C\u1ea3i C\u00e1ch Ru\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ea5t, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u0169 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n t\u01b0 doanh, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u1ee3p doanh, v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c doanh c\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c h\u00f3a n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd h\u1ed9 kh\u1ea9u gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u0169 h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ed1i nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb. T\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean t\u1edbi 9.600.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u1ecd l\u00e0m \u0111\u00eam l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y, t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, “m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u1eb1ng hai” \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1nNam. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1nB\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n hai m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u00ean.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1957, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i Trung \u01af\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng kh\u00f3a 12 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1957, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1960, qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean thanh ni\u00ean mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 Ngh\u0129a V\u1ee5 Qu\u00e2n S\u1ef1.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf th\u00ec, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 1955 sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1nB\u1eafc, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i tuy h\u00e1o chi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0ng c\u00f2n y\u1ebfu k\u00e9m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Mu\u1ed1n x\u00e2m l\u0103ng mi\u1ec1nNam, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 l\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc” m\u00e0 ta s\u1ebd n\u00f3i \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u00ec gi\u1edd cho b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kinh t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1nB\u1eafc, v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n v\u01a1 v\u00e9t nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng lu\u00f4n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0m c\u00e1i khung cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. V\u1edbi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m tr\u00ean, trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u 3 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1nB\u1eafc.
– X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 xa l\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c.
– X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh quy Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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I. T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf Qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1956 Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng “\u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh” l\u00ean qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt “Gi\u1ea3m Tr\u1eeb Qu\u00e2n B\u1ecb”. Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Mai, m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3i ch\u00e1nh vi\u00ean thu\u1eadt l\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“Theo d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt 80.000 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy, v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u1ea7m l\u00ean r\u1eb1ng mi\u1ec1nNam vi ph\u1ea1m hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Geneve, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu Hi\u1ec7p Th\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1ed5ng Tuy\u1ec3n C\u1eed”.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc d\u00f9ng d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt Gi\u1ea3m Tr\u1eeb Qu\u00e2n B\u1ecb l\u00e0m b\u00ecnh phong cho ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf Qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Danh t\u1eeb T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch quy m\u00f4 s\u1ed1 80.000 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u sang c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t m\u00e0 v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00f5 trang. Danh t\u1eeb T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi danh t\u1eeb Ph\u1ee5c Vi\u00ean<\/em> c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ng\u0169 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i cho h\u1ecd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n. Ph\u1ee5c vi\u00ean<\/em> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 v\u01b0\u1eddn<\/em> (m\u01b0\u1ee3n c\u1ee7a T\u00e0u).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh trong m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, l\u00e0m th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ti\u00ean phong \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Sau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch s\u1eeda sai v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh an ninh l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ba n\u0103m (1957,1958,1959) \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf 1939 (Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea5y ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t canh n\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u0103m 1939 l\u00e0 n\u0103m t\u1ea5n m\u1ed7i hectare). Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i mang ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng ra th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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1. S\u1ef1 l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t l\u00fac hai v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gai g\u00f3c:
– Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Mi\u1ec1n Nam ra t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc, sau c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p di c\u01b0 v\u00e0 C\u1ea3i C\u00e1ch Ru\u1ed9ng \u0110\u1ea5t, tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u01b0 th\u1eeba v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00ec H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc qua m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n long tr\u1ecdng. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 sau 2 n\u0103m xa c\u00e1ch mi\u1ec1n Nam nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ra B\u1eafc nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p v\u1ec1 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ee5 v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 m\u1edd m\u1ecbt. Trong 5 n\u0103m hay 10 n\u0103m, ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n c\u00f2n \u1edf l\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam, vi\u1ec7c “h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp” m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o thanh ni\u00ean g\u1ed1c mi\u1ec1n Nam \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u00e2m l\u00fd tr\u00ean t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec1 ra ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh cho c\u00e1c anh em b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a anh em \u0111i khai ph\u00e1 mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du l\u1eadp n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi”. Khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a anh em t\u1edbi n\u01a1i khai ph\u00e1 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1ee3 con cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t ra l\u1ec7nh cho T\u1ec9nh u\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb 18 t\u1edbi 25 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0o l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. C\u00e1c n\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0y khi \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o trong n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, v\u00ec l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n ra n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a “ch\u1ed3ng” <\/em>. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch l\u1ea5y b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ch\u1ee9 c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa! T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00ec trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng n\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a h\u00f4n v\u1edbi thanh ni\u00ean t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft v\u00ec cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c anh em t\u1eadp k\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n chi\u1ebfm c\u1ea3 v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u1eefa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gai g\u00f3c th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00f4ng, m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai c\u1eb1n c\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng canh t\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, trong khi \u1edf mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n nguy\u00ean m\u1ea7u m\u1ee1 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai ph\u00e1. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t s\u1ee3 n\u01a1i r\u1eebng thi\u00eang n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c, v\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1ed3ng tr\u1ecdt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 gian kh\u1ed5. \u0110\u1ec1 ra ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tinh th\u1ea7n k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng gian kh\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng “qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi”<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp t\u1eeb 1957-1958, m\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i k\u1ec3 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lam S\u01a1n \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a, n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng V\u00e0ng \u1edf Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1ed7 Cao-B\u1eafc-L\u1ea1ng (thu\u1ed9c ba t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n v\u00e0 L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lam S\u01a1n, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 338 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft, m\u1ed7i ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1ea5y ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. S\u1ef1 gian kh\u1ed5 c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c khai ph\u00e1 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 khi c\u00f2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n, n\u01a1i gi\u1edd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 12 gi\u1edd, t\u1eeb 6 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng t\u1edbi 6 gi\u1edd t\u1ed1i. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1n binh t\u1eadp k\u1ebft thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 338 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lam S\u01a1n 3 n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1958 \u0111\u1ebfn 1961, k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i n\u1ed7i gian kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, cao su:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecdc v\u00f4 bi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea3 xi\u1ebft. T\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m c\u1ef1c nh\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lam S\u01a1n t\u1ea1i huy\u1ec7n H\u00f2a L\u1ea1c, t\u1ec9nh Thanh H\u00f3a, qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng vua L\u00ea L\u1ee3i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00e1 r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ed3ng c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, cao su v\u00e0 ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i tr\u00e2u b\u00f2 g\u00e0 v\u1ecbt. Chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u00fac n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00ean cu-li, \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00f3n l\u00e1 tay c\u1ea7m r\u1ef1a su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111i ch\u1eb7t c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed1t r\u1eebng, cu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea5t v.v…. N\u1eafng ch\u00e1y da th\u1ecbt. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 t\u00f9 kh\u1ed5 sai b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u1ea3i…” (Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Ho\u00e0i).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 338 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft, t\u1ea1i N\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Lam S\u01a1n c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa v\u00ec t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 39 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t khu r\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u0110\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng anh em m\u00ecnh ng\u00e0y B\u1eafc \u0111\u00eam Nam”<\/em> \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c anh em t\u1eadp k\u1ebft, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ban ng\u00e0y gian lao kh\u1ed5 c\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00ec gi\u1edd suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00eam xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u01a1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00e2n y\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng V\u00e0ng, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 khai kh\u1ea9n n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00e0 v\u00e0 c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng u\u00fd \u0110\u1eb7ng Anh Ki\u1ebfn thu\u1ed9c Trung \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1eadp k\u1ebft 96 t\u1eeb An Kh\u00ea ra B\u1eafc v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng V\u00e0ng, cho bi\u1ebft hai ph\u1ea7n ba trung \u0111o\u00e0n v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan Trung \u0111o\u00e0n B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“…L\u00fac m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u tuy s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 sau, khi n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1u, h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf. Anh em b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ecd ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, h\u1ecd \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng theo c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0103n l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u1eefa…. Trong th\u1eddi gian khai ph\u00e1 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng V\u00e0ng (l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u) ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn \u0103n u\u1ed1ng theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i) 1 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 0.70 \u0111\u1ed3ng (t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 21 \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng). Ngo\u00e0i ra ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00eam g\u00ec c\u1ea3. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed5 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u…”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

“… Sau khi c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c ch\u1ecb em ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ch\u01b0a ch\u1ed3ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, anh em b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecb em ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng. Trong tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0…”.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u00e0 n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u00e0nh:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

“N\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ebfn 80% hay 90% V\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p (c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng) qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u0169ng chuy\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh qua x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, nh\u01b0 khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec l\u00e0 do Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 108 thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 305 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n, ho\u1eb7c khu Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Gang Th\u00e9p Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 do S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 316 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng…. Ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n t\u01b0 doanh, c\u00f4ng t\u01b0 h\u1ee3p doanh \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u do c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea3m tr\u00e1ch… “C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfm tr\u00ean 90%.Ngay c\u00f4ng an d\u00e2n c\u1ea3nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, c\u00e1c h\u1ea7m m\u1ecf, c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng”. (\u0110\u0103ng Anh Ki\u1ebfn).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u00ednh quy \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng b\u1eaft b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3i thi h\u00e0nh L\u1eddi Th\u1ec1 Th\u1ee9 5: “Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t” <\/em>. V\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh, hay c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u00f4ng binh, c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9, \u00edt di chuy\u1ec3n c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u00fac cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103n nu\u00f4i th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p th\u1ecbt \u0103n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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2. C\u00e1c N\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, C\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Do Qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed9i \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf \u0110\u1ec3 X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng V\u00e0 Qu\u1ea3n L\u00fd<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00e1c c\u00e1n binh b\u1ecb \u0111em v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i n\u1eb1m trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Tr\u00ean to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 43 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, th\u00ec 32 c\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, trung \u0111o\u00e0n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t h\u1ed3i ch\u00e1nh vi\u00ean cho bi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“M\u1ed7i n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7. Khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u0103m 1961, n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng R\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1ec9nh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh thu\u1ed9c Qu\u00e2n khu H\u1eefu Ng\u1ea1n S\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 300 s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh s\u0129 \u0111i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u1edf chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng B (mi\u1ec1n Nam) chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng C (L\u00e0o) v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i qu\u00fd, m\u1ed7i 6 th\u00e1ng hay m\u1ed9t n\u0103m l\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi h\u1ebft c\u1ef1u s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh s\u0129 \u1edf n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi ng\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c doanh do b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i chuy\u1ec3n ng\u00e0nh sang (T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf) l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ef1u s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh s\u0129 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eeba s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t kinh doanh v\u1eeba hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u…”<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n b\u1ed5 sung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1eeb b\u1ecb. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0o l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb kh\u00e9p v\u00e0o k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u1ecb nh\u1ed3i s\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng M\u00e1c-x\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n an ninh di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba, c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u1ecdng y\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y tr\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(xem b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Hai t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n La, Lai Ch\u00e2u \u1edf ph\u00eda T\u00e2y-B\u1eafc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 2 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ed9c Ch\u00e2u do hai trung \u0111o\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 305 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft v\u00e0 316 \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1eef.
– T\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y c\u00f3 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Xu\u00e2n Mai do m\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 338 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3ng.
– T\u1ec9nh Thanh H\u00f3a c\u00f3 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Sao V\u00e0ng do m\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 338 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, t\u1ed5ng c\u1ed9ng 39 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n).
– T\u1ec9nh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng R\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng do Trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp 269 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.
– T\u1ec9nh Ninh B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00ecnh Minh do Trung \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp 271 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.
– T\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f3 c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u00f4ng Con, \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y Hi\u1ebfu do m\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 324 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.
– T\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh c\u00f3 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u1ec7 Th\u1ee7y do m\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 325 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.
– T\u1ec9nh Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd c\u00f3 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ed3ng V\u00e0ng do Trung \u0111o\u00e0n t\u1eadp k\u1ebft 96 (t\u1eeb An kh\u00ea ra B\u1eafc) qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.
– Khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec do Trung \u0111o\u00e0n 108 thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 305 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.
– Khu Li\u00ean H\u1ee3p Gang Th\u00e9p Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean do S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 316 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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3. H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c C\u00e1c N\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, C\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c doanh l\u00e0 do qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1u do m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0110\u1ea3ng u\u1ef7 trong n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a T\u1ec9nh u\u1ef7 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Huy\u1ec7n u\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m trong ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec7n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng R\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea1m vi \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0 v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh huy\u1ec7n Ngh\u0129a H\u01b0ng, t\u1ec9nh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea3ng u\u1ef7 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh u\u1ef7 Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh th\u00ec c\u0169ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c h\u1ed9i \u00fd v\u1edbi c\u01a1 quan h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a huy\u1ec7n Ngh\u0129a H\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f9y theo ph\u1ea1m vi l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u00edt ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 khu Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p Gang Th\u00e9p Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i quy m\u00f4 c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 20.000 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng. N\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng R\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung quy m\u00f4, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng lo\u1ea1i II, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kho\u1ea3ng 2500 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n (t\u1eeb 2.500 \u0111\u1ebfn 5.000 nh\u00e2n c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 trung quy m\u00f4. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c h\u1ed3i ch\u00e1nh vi\u00ean, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng R\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng. (xem s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung quy m\u00f4 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c v\u00e0 2 Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng u\u1ef7 v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1i \u00fay ho\u1eb7c Thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f3 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00fay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00ean c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u00fay v\u00e0 2 th\u01b0 k\u00fd c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ea5p b\u1eadc Trung \u00fay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t ki\u1ec3m tra t\u1eeb Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u tr\u00ean danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c C\u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n Trong N\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng d\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e0n ng\u0169 ho\u00e1 m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u00e0o tho\u00e1t ra kh\u1ecfi m\u00e0ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Danh t\u1eeb C\u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn v\u1edbi C\u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, ho\u1eb7c trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1eadu. D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng, b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1eadu ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd qua C\u00f4ng \u0110o\u00e0n v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5 Ch\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee6y Trong N\u00f4ng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy m\u00f4 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7n kinh n\u1ed1i li\u1ec1n c\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 huy xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi m\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y t\u1eeb cao xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5p c\u00f3 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Chi \u1ee7y, Chi b\u1ed9, Li\u00ean t\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea3ng, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00e0u g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, “l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng, ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i s\u1edf”, trong n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c doanh c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thi c\u00f4ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ec9 tay n\u0103m ng\u00f3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng. V\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n trong c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ta s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, khi n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

II. X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng C\u00e1c C\u00f4ng Tr\u00ecnh S\u1ea3n Xu\u1ea5t Chi\u1ebfN L\u01b0\u1ee3c, C\u01a1 S\u1edf Qu\u00e2n S\u1ef1 V\u00e0 Xa L\u1ed9 Chi\u1ebfn L\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1960, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ea3ng Lao \u0110\u1ed9ng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 III h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch 5 n\u0103m l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1eb1m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m “c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a”, m\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1961 tr\u1edf \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chung quanh c\u00e1c khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i
– Khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng
– Khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec (kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 18-1-1962)
– Khu li\u00ean h\u1ee3p gang th\u00e9p Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1eb1m trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c, khai th\u00e1c than \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n th\u00e9p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 M\u00e1y \u0110i\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n Th\u1ea1ch, Thanh H\u00f3a (kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 2-1-1962)
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n Th\u00e1c B\u00e0, B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n U\u00f4ng B\u00ed, H\u1ed3ng Qu\u1ea3ng
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n Cao Ng\u1ea1n, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n C\u1ecdc 5, C\u1ea9m Ph\u1ea3
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n L\u00e0o Kay
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i
Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y nhi\u1ec7t \u0111i\u1ec7n Vinh<\/p>\n\n\n\n

v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng Anh, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng Anh Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 5-1-1963.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khu li\u00ean h\u1ee3p gang th\u00e9p Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean do Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng cho n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u1ef1 t\u00fac v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Khu gang th\u00e9p d\u00f9ng 20.000 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1965 m\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t l\u00ean t\u1edbi 150,000 t\u1ea5n. Ng\u00e0y 20-12-1963 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh l\u00f2 luy\u1ec7n th\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. Ng\u00e0y 23-9-1965, l\u00f2 luy\u1ec7n th\u00e9p s\u1ed1 II \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Song song v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p gang th\u00e9p l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c than \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c H\u00f2n Gay, \u0110\u00f4ng Tri\u1ec1u, C\u1ea9m Ph\u1ea3, V\u00e0ng Gianh, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i anthracite (n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t cao) v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1965 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 4.000.000 t\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1eabn trong ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u1ec3, c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m H\u00e0-B\u1eafc: Trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 cho canh n\u00f4ng, c\u00f2n trong th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed: nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed xe l\u1eeda Gia L\u00e2m, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed L\u01b0\u01a1ng Y\u00ean, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa xe h\u01a1i “1 th\u00e1ng 5”, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed ZK 120. \u0110\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00f5 kh\u00ed, v\u1ecf l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, v\u1ecf m\u00ecn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c, xe t\u0103ng v.v….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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2. S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau th\u1ee5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

– C\u00f3 l\u1ebd H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do can thi\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 oanh t\u1ea1c Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 n\u1ec1n k\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 (danh t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng ti\u00eau d\u00f9ng) \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u \u0111\u00e3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo “phi\u1ebfu cung c\u1ea5p”<\/em>, c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat th\u0103m (danh t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “b\u00ecnh b\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 thi \u0111ua”<\/em>) \u0111\u1ec3 mua trong nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y n\u00e0y t\u1eadp trung \u1edf nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Khu H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng:<\/em> Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y len, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ed9p, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ee7y tinh.
-Khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec:<\/em> Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ho\u00e1 ch\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y m\u00ec ch\u00ednh, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y gi\u1ea5y, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea5y chu\u1ed1i kh\u00f4.
-Khu c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i:<\/em> Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00edch n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Cao-X\u00e0-L\u00e1 (cao su, x\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng, thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1) do Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 18-5-1960; nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t kim \u0110\u1ed3ng Xu\u00e2n (d\u1ec7t \u00e1o l\u00f3t v\u00e0 b\u00ed t\u1ea5t) do Trung Qu\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3, kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y 13-4-1959; nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y xe \u0111\u1ea1p Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y Pin V\u0103n \u0110i\u1ec3n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y in Ti\u1ebfn B\u1ed9, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y di\u00eam Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t v.v….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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3. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u00f5 kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng 14 \u1edf Tuy\u00ean Quang (s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t s\u00fang AK mang nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c, m\u00ecn) Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 s\u00e2n bay, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i t\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 s\u00e2n bay C\u00e1t-Bi, s\u00e2n bay B\u1ea1ch Mai, s\u00e2n bay Gia L\u00e2m, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t th\u00eam c\u00e1c phi \u0111\u1ea1o quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– S\u00e2n bay \u0110a Ph\u00fac (V\u0129nh Y\u00ean)
– S\u00e2n bay H\u00f2a L\u1ea1c (S\u01a1n T\u00e2y)
– S\u00e2n bay K\u00e9p (B\u1eafc Giang)
– S\u00e2n bay Sao V\u00e0ng (Thanh H\u00f3a)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e2n, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 th\u1ee7y l\u1ee3i n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110a Ph\u00fac t\u1ea1i V\u0129nh Y\u00ean:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“…T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u00e2n bay \u0110a Ph\u00fac v\u00ec s\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y \u1edf ngay c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1i L\u00e3i. Khi b\u1ed9 Giao th\u00f4ng V\u1eadn t\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u00e2n bay n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Theo nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd n\u00f3i th\u00ec s\u00e2n bay \u0110a Ph\u00fac l\u00e0 s\u00e2n bay chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb 500 t\u1edbi 700 phi c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n l\u1ef1c Mig, tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y bay v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y. Phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y r\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u 12 km v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ec1u 9km. N\u1eb1m theo tr\u1ee5c qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 2 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 3. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00e1t r\u1ea5t d\u00e0y v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e1t b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng d\u00e0y t\u1eeb 50 ph\u00e2n t\u1edbi 70 ph\u00e2n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady n\u00ean khi b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng trong c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 oanh t\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i mau ch\u00f3ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m b\u00ea t\u00f4ng. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa phi tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110a Ph\u00fac \u1edf c\u1ea1nh n\u00fai S\u00f3c S\u01a1n n\u00ean c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea7m h\u1ed1 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 do Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, nay Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5t d\u1ea5u m\u00e1y bay r\u1ea5t k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o…” (Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e2n).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t hai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c quan tr\u1ecdng do Trung Qu\u1ed1c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 thi c\u00f4ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“…\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c qua c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n, B\u1eafc-Th\u00e1i (B\u1eafc Giang v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean) \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 18 th\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1edbi 24 th\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng nh\u1ef1a m\u00e0 tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1 l\u1edbn d\u1ea7y 50 ph\u00e2n r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u00e1 d\u0103m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t Bi\u00ean H\u00f2a c\u00e1n b\u1eb1ng. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ven bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam-Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u do Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e0i th\u1ecd. C\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1961-1962, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn xa n\u1eb7ng kho\u1ea3ng 70 t\u1ea5n”. Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1edbn th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed9 t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c qua bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i sang L\u00e0o t\u1edbi C\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng Chum, Savanakhet. \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nay ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o l\u1ea1i cho ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn, k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng h\u01a1n…” (Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e2n).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e2n th\u00ec con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 t\u1edbi c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng Chum v\u00e0 Savanakhet \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 t\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 13 v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong khu v\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ho\u00e0ng gia L\u00e0o, khi\u1ebfn cho Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean cho nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u00e0n xe v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf. \u1ede m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00e1c, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e2n n\u00f3i r\u00f5 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1o (s\u00e1ch b\u00e1o T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/em>) v\u00ec trong khi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn nghe th\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng xe \u00f4 t\u00f4 di chuy\u1ec3n g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i g\u1ecdi l\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 9 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn Khe Sanh b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 9 b\u0103ng ngang t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua L\u00e0o t\u1edbi Savanakhet, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y song song v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea1o d\u1ecdc bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t L\u00e0o.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ngo\u00e0i ra Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t b\u0103ng qua khu B\u1eafc L\u00e0o sang Th\u00e1i Lan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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III. X\u00e2y D\u1ef1ng L\u1ef1c L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ch\u00ednh Quy B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 1956, sau khi vi\u1ec7c chia \u0111\u00f4i hai mi\u1ec1n Nam B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an ninh l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 t\u1ea1m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i b\u1eb1t \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ecf ra nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f5 trang c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng n\u00f3i chung c\u00f3 ba ng\u00e0nh: l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh quy, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 d\u00e2n qu\u00e2n du k\u00edch. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i x\u00e3 ngo\u00e0i B\u1eafc, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1edbi ban ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng du k\u00edch c\u00f3 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t trung \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00f9y theo x\u00e3 l\u1edbn hay nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 t\u00f9y theo t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i huy\u1ec7n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u00f2n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i t\u1ec9nh c\u00f3 t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n. Ngo\u00e0i ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 gi\u1eef an ninh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p \u0110\u1ea3ng u\u1ef7-vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u1ede m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c ta s\u1ebd n\u00f3i k\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u00e2n du qu\u00e2n k\u00edch trong vai tr\u00f2 gi\u1eef nh\u00e0. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y ta ch\u1ec9 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng trong k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00f4n t\u00ednh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1956 khi Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt “gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eeb qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb”<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt “gi\u1ea3m tr\u1eeb qu\u00e2n b\u1ecb”<\/em> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua n\u1eb1m trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u1ed5ng Bi\u00ean Ch\u1ebf qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, v\u00e0 80.000 qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh quy gi\u1ea3i ng\u0169 g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn th\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ebf binh, s\u1ed1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i quy t\u1ee5 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7, c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0o, \u00e1c b\u00e1, t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n v.v… v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em v\u00e0o khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng “qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi”<\/em> c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1eadp k\u1ebft mi\u1ec1n Nam (\u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng ri\u00eang).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb Nam B\u1ed9 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft n\u0103m 1954 ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n mang phi\u00ean hi\u1ec7u Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng 305, 324, 325, 330, 338 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 trung \u0111o\u00e0n bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0 ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y trong b\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia ra x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c n\u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1eef an ninh, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo \u0111\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 “Ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1”<\/em> c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng n\u0103m 1960, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thanh ni\u00ean t\u1eeb 18 \u0111\u1ebfn 28 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp ng\u0169 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 3 n\u0103m. B\u1eb1t \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy, m\u00e0 xuy\u00ean qua c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ea5y hai n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh y\u1ebfu:
– Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i
– Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

1. Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a l\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng chung c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang g\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong khung c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m v\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e3nh Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. N\u0103m 1956, khi d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh nu\u1ed1t tr\u00f4i mi\u1ec1n Nam qua \u00e2m m\u01b0u T\u1ed5ng Tuy\u1ec3n C\u1eed kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, vi\u1ec5n \u1ea3nh x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm Mi\u1ec1n Nam b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f5 trang \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1eb1c ch\u1eb1n. Trong d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh x\u00e2m l\u0103ng Mi\u1ec1n Nam, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, trong khi r\u00eau rao r\u1eb1ng “kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec qu\u00fd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do”<\/em>, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n nh\u1eb1m th\u00f4n t\u00ednh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho quan th\u1ea7y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 “ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf”<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f5 trang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh phi quy \u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c vi\u1ec5n chinh quy \u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ngo\u1ea1i lai nh\u01b0 Kampuchia v\u00e0 Th\u00e1i Lan, ho\u1eb7c trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1958, ngay c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee7 lo\u1ea1i v\u00f5 kh\u00ed h\u1ed7n t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi v\u00f5 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e1c s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng c\u00f2n mang qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u00e0y 20-6-1958, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng k\u00fd ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 307\/TTG ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u1ea5n \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng 12, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng g\u1eb1n lon cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p T\u01b0\u1edbng Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p T\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e1 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng mang lon, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i m\u1edf m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng “lon t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng”<\/em> v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng “qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9”<\/em> c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n (b\u00e0i di\u1ec5n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ed Thanh \u0111\u0103ng trong b\u00e1o Qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n ng\u00e0y 9-9-1958).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u00e0 trang b\u1ecb. Tr\u00ean ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp th\u00eam c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng ngo\u00e0i qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng B\u1ed9 binh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, Kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c binh ch\u1ee7ng Ph\u00e1o binh, C\u00f4ng binh, Truy\u1ec1n tin v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ef5. Vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp th\u00eam nh\u1eefng binh ch\u1ee7ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 g\u1eedi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean trung ki\u00ean ho\u1eb7c con c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ecf \u0111i h\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1958, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 s\u0129 quan thu\u1ed9c m\u1ecdi qu\u00e2n binh ch\u1ee7ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u1ed9 binh
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n B\u00e3i Ch\u00e1y, H\u00f2n Gay
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Vinh
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1o binh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Truy\u1ec1n tin
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng C\u00f4ng binh
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u0129 quan Thi\u1ebft k\u1ef5<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n nh\u00e2n \u0111i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n, ra-\u0111a, t\u00ean l\u1eeda (h\u1ecfa ti\u1ec5n), h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n (ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m v\u00e0 ph\u00f3ng ng\u01b0 l\u00f4i), c\u00f4ng binh, qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng v.v…. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00e1c ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u00e3 trang b\u1ecb v\u00f5 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng. Quan ni\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng b\u1ecb gi\u1eb1ng co gi\u1eefa hai khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch. Khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00f5 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. V\u00ec “chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n” \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean, trong kh\u1ed1i c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00f5 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch v\u1edbi khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh, Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ed Thanh v\u00e0 L\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea5y “chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n” \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng chi\u1ebfn tranh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 trong ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng “chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n”, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 v\u00f5 trang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u01b0 th\u1eeba b\u1eb1ng v\u00f5 kh\u00ed c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh c\u0169ng l\u00e0 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eb1ng th\u1ebf trong B\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u00ec th\u1ebf vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u00edt v\u00f5 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u t\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n, con s\u1ed1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00ec v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 cao. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f5 kh\u00ed c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb s\u00fang l\u1ee5c s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi ti\u1ec3u li\u00ean, trung li\u00ean, s\u00fang ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng 37, ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng 57, \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng v.v….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp binh ch\u1ee7ng \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng, t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m trang b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00f5 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 tinh nhu\u1ec7. B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh \u0110\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng Tham M\u01b0u. Ban ch\u1ec9 huy r\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed9t l\u00e0 L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n 305 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 L\u1eef \u0111o\u00e0n D\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1958. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec binh ch\u1ee7ng D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafc d\u1ee5ng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean b\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh D\u00f9 l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh \u0110\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng, do \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m T\u01b0 L\u1ec7nh tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1 \u0110\u1ea1o l\u00e0m Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e0 binh ch\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5p trung \u0111o\u00e0n, trung \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1ed5, g\u1ed3m t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1eeb 4 t\u1edbi 5 t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 5 ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 5 chuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u00e1nh t\u00e0u. Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 2 chuy\u00ean hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n b\u1ed5 sung mi\u1ec1n Nam. Ti\u1ec3u \u0111o\u00e0n 4 chuy\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, l\u1ea5y \u00edt \u0111\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 bi\u1ec7t k\u00edch v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e1i c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh ph\u00e1o binh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng. Ph\u00e1o binh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u1ed3 \u1ea1t ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c quan tr\u1eb1c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng. Ph\u00e1o di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecba c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1o ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m \u01b0u th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf H\u1ea1 L\u00e0o. \u1ede Mi\u1ec1n Nam, ph\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e2ng \u0111\u1ee1 cho ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u01b0u th\u1ebf tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng, \u01b0u th\u1ebf l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00ednh, v\u00e0 \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n Nam v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n, m\u1eb7c d\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m, v\u1edbi ph\u00f3ng ng\u01b0 l\u00f4i h\u1ea1m, v\u1edbi t\u00ean l\u1eeda trang b\u1ecb cho chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb H\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i 7 c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e8 b\u1eb9p ngay trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng n\u00e0y, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u00edt t\u00e0u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u1ea7n ti\u1ec3u. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u0129 quan v\u00e0 binh s\u0129 t\u00e0u n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng kh\u00e1c, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 binh. Ri\u00eang qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00eam. M\u1ed9t khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n. Sau 10 n\u0103m chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp n\u00e0o tung ho\u00e0nh tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 quanh qu\u1ea9n trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng, h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, c\u00f2n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c Hoa K\u1ef3, su\u1ed1t trong 3 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp t\u1eeb 1965 t\u1edbi 1968, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t 50% kh\u00f4ng l\u1ef1c trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Hoa K\u1ef3. Khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u1ee9 ba l\u00e0 v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea3 ti\u1ec5n. T\u1eeb 1965 t\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 1-1967, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eb1n 1.000 h\u1ecfa ti\u1ec5n SAM m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1 30 m\u00e1y bay Hoa K\u1ef3 tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 60 tri\u1ec7u M\u1ef9 kim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong khi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u00f5 kh\u00ed th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 430 m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 h\u01a1n 1 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim, th\u00ec trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebfn tranh kh\u00f4ng t\u1eadp, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eb1n h\u01a1n 3.500 h\u1ecfa ti\u1ec5n SAM tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 g\u1ea7n 100 tri\u1ec7u M\u1ef9 kim m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n\n

2. Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ho\u00e1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn tranh phi quy \u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 “chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n” \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c r\u1eadp khu\u00f4n m\u1eabu t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c “ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a”<\/strong> qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u1ea5p cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ed3ng T\u1ed1i Cao Qu\u1ed1c Ph\u00f2ng g\u1ed3m to\u00e0n \u1ee6y vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng: Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch: l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>
H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean)
v\u00e0 l\u00e0 T\u00f4n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1eafng (ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch th\u1ee9 hai).
Ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch:<\/strong>
Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng (ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ed9)
V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p (ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ed9)
\u1ee6y vi\u00ean:<\/strong>
Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ed Thanh (ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ed9)
V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn D\u0169ng (ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ed9)
Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Trinh (ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ed9)
Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Ho\u00e0n (ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb b\u1ed9)
Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Tr\u00e2n (Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9)
Chu V\u0103n T\u1ea5n (Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9)
Song H\u00e0o (Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng B\u1ed9)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c)<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u01b0\u1edbi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u1ed1i cao Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh. C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng Qu\u00e2n \u1ee7y Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 T\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng: V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p (qu\u00e2n h\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng), Song H\u00e0o (Trung t\u01b0\u1edbng), Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc M\u1eabu (Thi\u1ebfu t\u01b0\u1edbng) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee6y vi\u00ean Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t, Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eb1ng v.v….<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Th\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edfng (ch\u1ec9 huy) c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u1ebfn ban ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng. S\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111i t\u1edbi c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 trong m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00e0 “T\u1ed5 tam tam”<\/em>, g\u1ed3m 3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trung ki\u00ean c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. M\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 ba ba “T\u1ed5 tam tam”.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– C\u1ea5p ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n Tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ecbu s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea3ng thi h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c Ngh\u1ecb Quy\u1ebft do \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– C\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean hay Ch\u00ednh \u1ee7y trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec1u do B\u00ed th\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y, \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb1m gi\u1eef m\u00e0 b\u00ed th\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y, \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D\u0129 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00f3i tr\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u00f5 trang c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u1edf trong Nam, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u1edf trong Nam mang “ng\u1ee5y danh” l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n C\u00e1ch M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 che d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, v\u1edbi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i trong tay, \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00e0o n\u1eb7n c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u thanh ni\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng “b\u1ecbt m\u1eb1t b\u1eb1t h\u00e0o quang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt”, \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp v\u00e0 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec7u thanh ni\u00ean mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ch\u1ebft cho c\u00e1i \u1ea3o v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a C\u00e1c-M\u00e1c, L\u00ea-nin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u0169ng theo s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, song song v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1ee7y, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 thi h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qua c\u00e1c C\u1ee5c Tuy\u00ean hu\u1ea5n, C\u1ee5c C\u00e1n b\u1ed9, C\u1ee5c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, C\u1ee5c B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, C\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ecbch v\u1eadn, C\u1ee5c D\u00e2n v\u1eadn v\u00e0 C\u1ee5c V\u0103n ho\u00e1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chu\u1ea9n B\u1ecb X\u00e2m Nh\u1eadp Mi\u1ec1n Nam<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u00e1n binh \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp mi\u1ec1n Nam, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp khung cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 “L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f5 trang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam”<\/em>. C\u00e1c c\u00e1n binh Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

– Trung t\u00e2m M\u1ea1ch L\u0169ng \u1edf l\u00e0ng M\u1ea1ch L\u0169ng, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng Anh, t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng.
– Trung t\u00e2m Xu\u00e2n Mai, t\u1ec9nh H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh.
– Trung t\u00e2m S\u01a1n T\u00e2y.
– Trung t\u00e2m Ph\u00fa Y\u00ean, t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc-Th\u00e1i (B\u0103c K\u1ea1n-Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean)
– Khu v\u1ef1c “Th\u00e9p” t\u1ea1i L\u00e2m Thao, t\u1ec9nh Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n b\u1ed9 binh, ph\u00e1o binh, c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi, c\u00f4ng binh, th\u00f4ng tin, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc.
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng, n\u00fai Na-S\u01a1n, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y.
– Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00f4ng x\u00e3 \u0110\u00f4ng Y\u00ean, huy\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c Oai, t\u1ec9nh S\u01a1n T\u00e2y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00e1c c\u00e1n binh thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n Nam B\u1ed9 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft 324 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n binh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp trong \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1960, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ed m\u1eadt hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t doanh tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n doanh S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n 338 c\u1ee7a T\u00f4 K\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ri\u00eang trung t\u00e2m Xu\u00e2n Mai c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ee3t 1.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ed5ng K\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m th\u00f4n t\u00ednh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch hai m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng: m\u1eb7t ch\u00ecm v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t n\u1ed5i. M\u1eb7t n\u1ed5i l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, m\u1eb7t ch\u00ecm l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00f4n t\u00ednh v\u00e0 b\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 “ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf”<\/em>, trong \u0111\u00f3 H\u1ed3 b\u1eb1t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 t\u00ean l\u00ednh ti\u1ec1n phong cho c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Li\u00ean X\u00f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m (chlorure de potassium) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec1 cao l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, t\u0103ng gia n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng khi ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1m bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang (s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t chlorate de potassium) v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 “gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc anh em Mi\u00ean-L\u00e0o”.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0103n \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, th\u00ec h\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y c\u00e0y, m\u00e1y n\u1ed5, xe \u0111\u1ea1p, b\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y, \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng khi Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00f4n t\u00ednh, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u1edbi v\u1ee1 l\u1ebd ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 n\u01a1i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u1ecf l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, m\u00ecn, s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a trong m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb1n li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00f4n t\u00ednh. H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t b\u00ean trong n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa chlorure de potassium v\u00e0 chlorate de potassium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u00f4n t\u00ednh trong m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m qua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i g\u00ec cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho ai? Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u00f3i l\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t, \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 Do? Ta h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a thi s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ed Thi\u1ec7n<\/em>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n


Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec qu\u00fd h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do!<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft n\u00f3, th\u1eb1ng n\u00f3i c\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3.
T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft n\u00f3, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc n\u00e0y bi\u1ebft n\u00f3
Vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 l\u00e0m, t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m n\u00f3 ra sao
N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111em r\u00e2u n\u00f3 b\u1ec7n v\u00e0o
H\u00ecnh x\u00e1c l\u00e3o Mao l\u00f4ng l\u00e1
B\u00e0n tay Nga \u0111\u1ea7y b\u0103ng tuy\u1ebft gi\u00e1
C\u0169ng nho\u00e0i qua l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba Trung Hoa
Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xoa \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 t\u00fam t\u00f3c n\u00f3 t\u1eeb xa
N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng y\u00ean, t\u1ea5t b\u1eadt \u0111i\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u
L\u00fac r\u1ee5i v\u00e0o T\u00e0u, l\u00fac r\u1ee5i v\u00e0o Nga
N\u00f3 g\u1ecdi T\u00e0u Nga l\u00e0 cha anh n\u00f3
V\u00e0 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n l\u00e0m con ch\u00f3 nh\u1ecf
X\u00f4ng x\u00e1o gi\u1eef nh\u00e0 g\u00e1c ng\u00f5 cho cha anh
N\u00f3 t\u1eadn thu t\u1eeb qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng tr\u00e1i chanh
H\u1ecdc l\u1ed1i hung t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a cha anh n\u00f3
Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ebft v\u1ed9i h\u1ebft thanh ni\u00ean
\u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec5n ra tri\u1ec1n mi\u00ean gh\u00ea g\u1edbm \u0111\u00f3
C\u0169ng l\u00e0 do Nga gi\u1eadt T\u00e0u co
Ti\u1ebfp nhi\u00ean li\u1ec7u g\u00e2y m\u1ed3i cho n\u00f3:
-S\u00fang, t\u0103ng, t\u00ean l\u1eeda, t\u00e0u bay
N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng tay?
\u00d4i \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec qu\u00fd h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc n\u00e0y bi\u1ebft r\u00f5
Vi\u1ec7c n\u00f3 l\u00e0m, t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m n\u00f3 ra sao
N\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ean tr\u00f9m \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 n\u0103m n\u00e0o
H\u1ed3i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em t\u00f9, \u0111em b\u1eb1n
\u0110\u1ed9 n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n
R\u1ed3i b\u1ea3o l\u00e0 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn
\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3 \u0111i tr\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec7p b\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n
H\u00e2m h\u1ea5p tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00eam nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y
\u0110\u00f3i kh\u1ed5 d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd \u0111\u1ea1i s\u00fay
Con c\u00e1, l\u00e1 rau n\u00e1t nh\u1ea7u qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd
Ti\u1ebfng th\u1edbt ti\u1ebfng dao v\u1ecdng t\u1eeb h\u1ed3i k\u00fd
Ti\u1ebfng th\u1edf l\u1eddi than \u0111an h\u1ecda \u1ee5p v\u00e0o th\u00e2n
N\u00f3 t\u1eadp trung h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n “ng\u1ee5y qu\u00e2n”
N\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i “khoan h\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed nh\u00e2n” c\u1ee7a n\u00f3
M\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n b\u1ecb c\u1ea7m ch\u00e2n tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u00f3
T\u1ef1 do, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n \u0111i t\u00f9!
M\u1eaft n\u00f3 nh\u00ecn ai c\u0169ng h\u00f3a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 V\u00ec ai c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3i m\u00f2n nh\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1n c\u1eb1n r\u0103ng t\u1ea1m nu\u1ed1t
Hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb n\u00f3 cho \u0111i su\u1ed1t
\u0110\u1ea5t n\u00f3 th\u1ea7m c\u00e2m c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tha!
T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh loa
Sa s\u1ea3 \u0111\u00eam ng\u00e0y ng\u1ee3i ca n\u00f3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3ng n\u00f3
\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 do kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec qu\u00fd h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a n\u00f3!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

+<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00d4i! \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp! T\u1ef1 Do
X\u01b0a c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec qu\u00fd hai th\u1ee9 \u0111\u00f3
\u0110\u1ea5t B\u1eafc m\u1eafc l\u1eeba m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o tay n\u00f3
Nh\u01b0ng nay m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 nghe n\u00f3!
N\u00f3 m\u1edbi v\u1ea1n l\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n nguy\u1ec1n r\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c to!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n\n\n
\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
    \n
  1. Cu\u1ed9c c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o N\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  2. Nh\u1eefng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1954<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  3. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh s\u1eaft m\u00e1u sau 1954<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  4. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a H\u1ee3p T\u00e1c H\u00f3a N\u00f4ng Nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n
  5. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c lu\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n Nam<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
    \"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    V\u00f5 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n – Ng\u00e0y 21-7-1954, trong bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp k\u1ebft th\u00fac h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Gen\u00e8ve, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, 22-7-1954, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai k\u00eau g\u1ecdi\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,57,62,53,60,42],"tags":[],"class_list":["entry","author-vanhoimoi","post-3107","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-chuyenmuc","category-giaoduc-vanhoc-lichsu","category-kienthuctongquat","category-kinhte-chinhtri","category-tacgia_tacpham","category-tai-lieu"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3107"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3107\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3107"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3107"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}