{"id":5321,"date":"2020-09-20T11:01:35","date_gmt":"2020-09-20T11:01:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=5321"},"modified":"2023-05-31T02:00:00","modified_gmt":"2023-05-31T02:00:00","slug":"mot-bai-tho-ngu-y-that-ham-suc-cua-thi-si-vu-hoang-chuong","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=5321","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed8T B\u00c0I TH\u01a0 NG\u1ee4 \u00dd TH\u1eacT H\u00c0M S\u00daC C\u1ee6A THI S\u0128 V\u0168 HO\u00c0NG CH\u01af\u01a0NG"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sau khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1975, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1eaft giam. Thi s\u0129 V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb h\u1ecd b\u1eaft ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1976, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o giam \u1edf kh\u00e1m Ch\u00ed Ho\u00e0. Khi \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh g\u1ea7n nguy k\u1ecbch, h\u1ecd m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft \u1edf nh\u00e0. N\u0103m h\u00f4m sau \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u1eb1m ng\u00e0y 6 th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1976 t\u1ea1i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u01a1 \u00f4ng l\u00e0m sau th\u00e1ng 4-1975 nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i \u201cTranh g\u00e0 l\u1ee3n,\u201d ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 giam g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 th\u0103m v\u1ee3 con, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 12 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 v\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam (nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u0169 L\u00e3o, Nguy\u1ec5n Du, B\u00e0 Huy\u1ec7n Thanh Quan, Cao B\u00e1 Qu\u00e1t \u2026) c\u00f9ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Trung Hoa (nh\u01b0 H\u00e1n V\u0169 \u0111\u1ebf, Th\u00f4i H\u1ed9, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u00e0o, B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n \u2026) ch\u01b0a \u0111u\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u1ea5y \u1edf ph\u00eda sau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n, m\u1ed9t danh t\u01b0\u1edbng Trung Hoa cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi Thanh. B\u00e0i n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 hay nh\u01b0ng \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o, h\u00e0m s\u00fac c\u1ee7a thi h\u00e0o h\u1ecd V\u0169. Vi\u1ebft sau khi mi\u1ec1n Nam r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, ng\u1ee5 \u00fd th\u1eddi th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t r\u00f5, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u t\u00e2m m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1eccC L\u1ea0I NG\u01af\u1edcI X\u01afA: B\u00c0NH NG\u1eccC L\u00c2N<\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Th\u1eadp v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n t\u1ec1 c\u1ed5 ch\u01b0\u1edfng<\/em>
B\u00e0nh lang \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eafc Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 h\u1ed3i.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0nh lang \u0111o\u1ea1t Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 v\u1ec1
H\u00f9ng binh m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 v\u1ed7 tay
Ri\u00eang C\u00f4 B\u00e9 v\u1eabn ng\u1ed3i ng\u00e2y
Xanh xanh ng\u00e0n d\u1eb7m t\u00f3c m\u00e2y h\u1eefng h\u1edd
T\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd
Ch\u1eb3ng xi\u00eau l\u00f2ng n\u00fai v\u00ec th\u01a1 h\u1ecd B\u00e0nh
K\u1ec3 chi l\u00fac \u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi Thanh
S\u00e1 chi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 danh t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o
Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn cao
Nghe B\u00e0nh Lang \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng ch\u00e2n
Non x\u01b0a b\u1ebfn c\u0169 nh\u1eadp th\u1ea7n
\u0110o\u1ea1t non v\u1ec1 b\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea7n h\u00f9ng binh.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y r\u00f5 \u00fd ngh\u0129a b\u00e0i th\u01a1, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i qua \u00edt h\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, xin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u th\u01a1 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd B\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch d\u1eabn ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, c\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 danh t\u1eeb ri\u00eang trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 nh\u01b0 Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n, B\u00e0nh Lang \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n:  <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n (\u5f6d\u7389\u9e9f — Peng Yulin)  <\/strong>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t danh t\u01b0\u1edbng Trung Hoa cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi Thanh, sinh n\u0103m 1816, m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1890. Khi cu\u1ed9c lo\u1ea1n Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c (v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3ng T\u00fa To\u00e0n, D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00fa Thanh \u2026) b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, chi\u1ebfm g\u1ea7n n\u1eeda n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Nam Kinh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp kinh \u0111\u00f4,  r\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f4i giang s\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 Thanh trong 11 n\u0103m t\u1eeb 1853 t\u1edbi 1864, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 Thanh \u0111\u00e3 rung rinh, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 x\u00e1o tr\u1ed9n. G\u00f3p c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eb9p y\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n s\u0129 t\u1ec9nh H\u1ed3 Nam l\u00e0 T\u0103ng Qu\u1ed1c Phi\u00ean (Zeng Guofan) c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n, \u0111a s\u1ed1 g\u1ed1c H\u1ed3 Nam, l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cT\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u00e2n\u201d (\u201cqu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00f9ng s\u00f4ng T\u01b0\u01a1ng,\u201d m\u1ed9t con s\u00f4ng ch\u1ea3y qua t\u1ec9nh H\u1ed3 Nam). B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e3nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n \u1ea5y, ch\u1ec9 huy th\u1ee7y binh, c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eb9p Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c.  Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m Th\u1ee7y s\u01b0 \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n th\u0103ng t\u1edbi Binh b\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 Thanh. Sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Hoa Vi\u1ec7t n\u0103m 1883-84, B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi trong ch\u1ee9c Binh b\u1ed9 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t c\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7. \u00d4ng v\u1ec1 h\u01b0u v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u00edt n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n (\u5c0f\u5b64\u5c71 — Xiaogushan hay Hsiao ku shan) trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Trung hoa. N\u1ebfu tra c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecba d\u01b0, ta s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u00edt nh\u1ea5t 5 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai c\u00f3 t\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf t\u1ea1i N\u1ed9i M\u00f4ng C\u1ed5, Cam T\u00fac (Gansu), C\u00e1t L\u00e2m (Jilin), Li\u00eau Ninh (Liaoning), v\u00e0 An Huy (Anhui). Ng\u1ecdn Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n do B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ec9nh An Huy. N\u00fai n\u00e0y \u1edf g\u1ea7n t\u1ec9nh l\u1ef5 An Kh\u00e1nh (Anqing), s\u00e1t b\u00ean b\u1edd Tr\u01b0\u1eddng giang (D\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eed giang). Qu\u00e2n Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f3ng tr\u00ean n\u00fai n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn binh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n do B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1edbi bao v\u00e2y Nam Kinh. Mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n, B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai. Theo c\u00e1c s\u1eed li\u1ec7u Trung Hoa, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1853. Sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00fai, B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n cao h\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m ra b\u00e0i th\u01a1 sau:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u66f8\u751f\u7b11\u7387\u6230\u8239\u6765\uff0c
\u6c5f\u4e0a\u65cc\u65d7\u8000\u65e5\u958b\uff0c
\u5341\u842c\u8c94\u8c85\u9f4a\u594f\u51f1
\u5f6d\u90ce\u596a\u5f97\u5c0f\u59d1\u56de
Th\u01b0 sinh ti\u1ebfu su\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n lai
Giang th\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u nh\u1eadt khai
Th\u1eadp v\u1ea1n t\u00ec h\u01b0u t\u1ec1 t\u1ea5u kh\u1ea3i
B\u00e0nh lang \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eafc Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Ngh\u0129a:
Th\u01b0 sinh v\u1eeba c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ed1c th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i
Tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng, c\u1edd x\u00ed, c\u00e1c sao s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi c\u00f9ng m\u1edf ra
(ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh Thi\u00ean Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a)
M\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh c\u00f9ng h\u00e1t kh\u00fac ca chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng:
\u201cB\u00e0nh lang \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thi s\u0129 V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a hai c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00e0y l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111i m\u1ea5y ch\u1eef trong c\u00e2u th\u1ee9 ba. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i \u201cth\u1eadp v\u1ea1n t\u00ec h\u01b0u\u201d (m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, do ngh\u0129a g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u201ct\u00ec h\u01b0u\u201d l\u00e0 con g\u1ea5u tr\u1eafng, m\u1ed9t gi\u1ed1ng th\u00fa r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh) ra \u201cth\u1eadp v\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n\u201d (\u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n). \u00d4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u201ct\u1ec1 t\u1ea5u kh\u1ea3i\u201d (c\u00f9ng h\u00e1t kh\u00fac ca chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng) ra \u201ct\u1ec1 c\u1ed5 ch\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d (c\u00f9ng v\u1ed7 tay), c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1975 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb  \u201cTi\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n <\/strong>\u5c0f\u5b64\u5c71\u201d t\u1edbi \u201cTi\u1ec3u C\u00f4 <\/strong>\u5c0f\u59d1\u201d: M\u1ed1i chung t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn n\u00fai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi \u1edf tr\u00ean c\u00f3 t\u00ean\u5c0f\u5b64\u5c71 (n\u00fai nh\u1ecf c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n) nh\u01b0ng trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1, B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft sai, d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u00e2m \u201cc\u00f4\u201d nh\u01b0ng ngh\u0129a kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0\u5c0f\u59d1 (ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u1ecf). Th\u1eeba ti\u1ebfp \u00fd \u1ea5y, trong c\u00e2u th\u01a1 th\u1ee9 3, V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ebft, \u201cRi\u00eang C\u00f4 B\u00e9 v\u1eabn ng\u1ed3i ng\u00e2y.\u201d Mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u1ebf nh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, ta c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft qua v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi c\u00f2n \u00edt tu\u1ed5i, B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n y\u00eau m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef, con nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4ng. \u0110\u00fang ra \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i g\u1ecdi b\u1eb1ng \u201cd\u00ec\u201d v\u00ec l\u00e0 em nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9. Nh\u01b0ng hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea1c tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f9ng l\u1edbn l\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi nhau, t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn v\u00ec trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb coi l\u00e0 \u201clo\u1ea1n lu\u00e2n.\u201d B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i h\u1ecdc xa trong khi c\u00f4 g\u00e1i, c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t danh Mai c\u00f4, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau Mai c\u00f4 qua \u0111\u1eddi, l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 sinh n\u1edf kh\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean. \u00d4ng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9 Mai c\u00f4 th\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f3c, nguy\u1ec7n s\u1ebd v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n b\u1ee9c tranh hoa mai \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecdn \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1edb t\u1edbi c\u00f4 (gi\u1eef l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n, \u00f4ng v\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1ea1n b\u1ee9c tranh hoa mai, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ecda s\u0129 Trung Hoa chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 hoa mai). Khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n n\u0103m 1853, B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 37 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 Mai c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t t\u1eeb l\u00e2u. Sau m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u00e1c chi\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eafc th\u1eafng, \u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i. Nh\u00e2n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia v\u1eabn g\u1ecdi Mai c\u00f4 l\u00e0 \u201cTi\u1ec3u C\u00f4\u201d (ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u1ecf), \u00f4ng cao h\u1ee9ng, t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0ng t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft v\u1ec1 theo:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0nh lang \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eafc Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 h\u1ed3i
(B\u00e0nh lang \u0111o\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 [t\u1eeb c\u00f5i ch\u1ebft] tr\u1edf v\u1ec1).<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M<\/strong>\u1ed1i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e0nh cho B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n:    <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f9ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u tan v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean m\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh \u1ea5y, thi s\u0129 V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3m cho B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n. \u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng nguy\u00ean th\u1ee7y trong c\u00e1c c\u00e2u:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0nh lang \u0111o\u1ea1t Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 v\u1ec1
H\u00f9ng binh m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 v\u1ed7 tay<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

nh\u01b0ng<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ri\u00eang C\u00f4 B\u00e9 v\u1eabn ng\u1ed3i ng\u00e2y<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t  th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3nh\u201d gi\u1eefa thi nh\u00e2n h\u1ecd V\u0169 v\u1edbi v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n ki\u00eam h\u1ecda s\u0129 h\u1ecd B\u00e0nh: kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u0169, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh. D\u00f9 c\u00f3 nh\u00e2n chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u00e2m \u201cc\u00f4\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hi\u1ec3u \u201cng\u1ecdn n\u00fai c\u00f4 \u0111\u01a1n\u201d ra \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4 b\u00e9 nh\u1ecf\u201d th\u00ec sau khi \u0111o\u1ea1t v\u1ec1, \u201cTi\u1ec3u C\u00f4\u201d c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng — B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. To\u00e0n b\u00e0i, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 6 c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 1975.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cu\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong> n\u0103m 1975 qua ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam cho t\u1edbi th\u00e1ng 9 n\u0103m 1976, thi s\u0129 V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1eadn m\u1eaft nh\u1eefng kinh ho\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 n\u1ed9i trong c\u00e1c th\u00e1ng 3 v\u00e0 4-1975, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe t\u1edbi nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u1ef1 t\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea7y hu\u00eanh hoang c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 n\u1ed7i chua x\u00f3t th\u1ea5m th\u00eda c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam qua nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u201cca dao m\u1edbi\u201d nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cNam k\u1ef3 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a\u201d ti\u00eau \u201cC\u00f4ng l\u00fd\u201d
\u201c\u0110\u1ed3ng kh\u1edfi\u201d v\u00f9ng l\u00ean m\u1ea5t \u201cT\u1ef1 do.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m b\u00fat, c\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u1eb1ng v\u00e1ch c\u00f3 tai, th\u01a1 c\u00f3 h\u1ecda<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef trong c\u1ea3nh ng\u1ed9:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u1eeda manh chi\u1ebfu n\u1ec9a h\u1ed3n ng\u00e2y ng\u1ea5t<\/em>
Hai ch\u00e9n c\u01a1m rau x\u00e1c m\u1ecfi m\u00f2n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u1ed1ng t\u1ea1i S\u00e0ig\u00f2n, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u00f4ng c\u0169ng t\u1eebng nghe nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong d\u00e2n ch\u00fang, \u201c\u0110\u1ebfn c\u00e1i c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e8n, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n, n\u00f3 c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111i\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Qua m\u1ea5y c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i \u201c\u0110\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a: B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n,\u201d V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1c cho ta th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n: trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 tay ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u1edbn h\u1edf, h\u1ed3 h\u1edfi \u2026 t\u1ef1 ca t\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng \u01a1n \u201cgi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam,\u201d th\u00ec nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u00f2i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cgi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng\u201d kh\u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng, bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1eedng d\u01b0ng, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1m: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00e0nh lang \u0111o\u1ea1t Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 v\u1ec1
H\u00f9ng binh m\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec1 v\u1ed7 tay
Ri\u00eang C\u00f4 B\u00e9 v\u1eabn ng\u1ed3i ng\u00e2y
Xanh xanh ng\u00e0n d\u1eb7m t\u00f3c m\u00e2y h\u1eefng h\u1edd.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam, v\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng th\u01a1 v\u0103n tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd
Ch\u1eb3ng xi\u00eau l\u00f2ng n\u00fai v\u00ec th\u01a1 h\u1ecd B\u00e0nh.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng ghi nh\u1eadn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khinh mi\u1ec7t, b\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng coi tr\u1ecdng k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, c\u1ee7a \u0111a s\u1ed1 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang mi\u1ec1n Nam:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u1ec3 chi l\u00fac \u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi Thanh
S\u00e1 chi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y l\u00e0 danh t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o
Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn cao
Nghe B\u00e0nh Lang \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng ch\u00e2n.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh Ti\u1ec3u C\u00f4 s\u01a1n n\u0103m 1853, B\u00e0nh Lang \u0111\u1ed9 (b\u1ebfn B\u00e0nh Lang) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n cho th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u00ean n\u00fai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00dd t\u01b0\u1edfng then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1eb1m trong hai c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i. \u201cNon\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cn\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng li\u00ean h\u1ec7 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 thi\u00eang li\u00eang. Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a \u201cnon\u201d v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi \u201cn\u01b0\u1edbc,\u201d mu\u1ed1n non s\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1c h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Non x\u01b0a b\u1ebfn c\u0169 nh\u1eadp th\u1ea7n
\u0110o\u1ea1t non v\u1ec1 b\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u1ea7n h\u00f9ng binh<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

v\u00ec nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, n\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft d\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t, s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 th\u1ec3  kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2026C\u00f4 B\u00e9 v\u1eabn ng\u1ed3i ng\u00e2y
Xanh xanh ng\u00e0n d\u1eb7m t\u00f3c m\u00e2y h\u1eefng h\u1edd.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u201c\u0110\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a: B\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 ph\u00f9 phi\u1ebfm, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t vi\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edbng Trung hoa cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi Thanh. M\u01b0\u1ee3n chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi, V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed x\u1ea3y ra trong \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng: vi\u1ec7c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xua qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n Nam do nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u1edf H\u00e0 n\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n n\u0103m 1975. S\u1ed1ng \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng khai n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 ng\u1ee5 \u00fd v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng h\u00e0m s\u00fac. V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ea5t x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi danh hi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 trong th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 l\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p \u00fd k\u1ebb c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n. Tuy ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u1eadt hi\u1ec1n ho\u00e0, th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00f9ng Qu\u00e1n khi vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u sau \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fat gi\u1ea5y t\u00f4i ai c\u01b0\u1edbp gi\u1eadt \u0111i
T\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ea7m dao vi\u1ebft v\u0103n l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ea7n Huy B\u00edch<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n

<\/div>

<\/path><\/svg><\/i> \"Loading\"<\/p>

<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sau khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mi\u1ec1n Nam th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1975, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1eaft giam. Thi s\u0129 V\u0169 Ho\u00e0ng Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ecb h\u1ecd b\u1eaft ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1976, \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o giam \u1edf kh\u00e1m Ch\u00ed Ho\u00e0. Khi \u00f4ng b\u1ecb\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["entry","author-nduong","post-5321","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5321","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5321"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5321\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5321"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=5321"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=5321"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}