{"id":8805,"date":"2021-02-18T07:38:33","date_gmt":"2021-02-18T07:38:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=8805"},"modified":"2021-02-18T22:43:12","modified_gmt":"2021-02-18T22:43:12","slug":"no-xau-se-lo-dien-rat-cao-de-doa-nen-tai-chanh-viet-nam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/?p=8805","title":{"rendered":"N\u1ee3 X\u1ea5u S\u1ebd L\u1ed9 Di\u1ec7n R\u1ea5t Cao, \u0110e D\u1ecda N\u1ec1n T\u00e0i Ch\u00e1nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam<\/strong>
Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean Thao<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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____________________<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

N\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u trong kh\u1ed1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (NHTM), g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c doanh v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u201cnguy\u201d cho n\u1ec1n T\u00e0i Ch\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 2021. M\u1ed1i nguy n\u00e0y c\u00f2n b\u1ecb hai kh\u1ed1i cho vay chui, m\u1ed9t do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cho vay ngang h\u00e0ng (P2P), m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m \u201ct\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111en\u201d v\u1eabn tung ho\u00e0nh kh\u1eafp ch\u1ed1n v\u1edbi l\u00e3i xu\u1ea5t cao c\u00f3 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn 360% l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u lo\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. T\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nay nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch c\u0169ng theo d\u00f5i, b\u1eaft b\u1edb nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ee5 cho vay c\u1eaft c\u1ed5, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng cho vay \u201c\u0111en\u201d v\u1eabn nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp kh\u1eafp n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1eeb th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3i n\u00fai T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean, m\u00e0 v\u00e0i ba \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00eau ra trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng an, ch\u1ec9 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 4-2020, to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 27.999 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh doanh d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed3. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 7.770 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111en (1.410 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p), do 5.008 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 1.700 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kinh doanh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u201ct\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111en\u201d (521 c\u01a1 s\u1edf kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p) v\u00e0 3.909 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i [1].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

C\u00f4ng an qu\u1eadn H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n tri\u1ec7t ph\u00e1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho vay l\u00e3i t\u00ednh t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi vay ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 l\u00e3i m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y 7.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ebfn 8.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u1ebfu vay 1 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng t\u1eeb 255,5% \u0111\u1ebfn 292% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m. Theo h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 c\u00f4ng an, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 500 kh\u00e1ch vay v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n giao d\u1ecbch l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 30 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 2019 \u0111\u1ebfn nay, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 200 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i vay v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n tr\u00ean 1 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 250% \u0111\u1ebfn 365% m\u1ed9t n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i Saigon, nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c cho vay \u201cchui\u201d quy m\u00f4, m\u01b0\u1edbn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i n\u1ee3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e1ng 7-10 tri\u1ec7u. S\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n vay c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 g\u00f3i 5-50 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3 g\u00f3p (l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t 15%-90% m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng). Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi vay kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp tr\u1ea3 g\u00f3p h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y th\u00ec b\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda \u201cch\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n tay, \u0111\u1eadp nh\u00e0, \u0111\u00e2m n\u00e1t m\u1eb7t\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi vay, b\u1eaft \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo C\u00f4ng an t\u1ec9nh B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra cho th\u1ea5y, \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111en c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam b\u1ed9, t\u1eadp trung nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh B\u1ea1c Li\u00eau, S\u00f3c Tr\u0103ng, C\u00e0 Mau, H\u1eadu Giang. C\u00e1c nh\u00f3m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201ct\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111en\u201d, cho vay v\u1edbi l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t h\u01a1n 240%-360% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ea1i T\u1ec9nh B\u00ecnh Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00f4ng an b\u1eaft m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 danh s\u00e1ch cho vay 500 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 7 t\u1ef7, l\u00e3i 300%-360%. 240% m\u1ed7i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean vay ti\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng r\u00e0nh m\u00e1nh kh\u00f3e b\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 n\u1ee3 l\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u1ee9c l\u00e3i cao c\u1eaft c\u1ed5, khi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn t\u1eeb b\u00e1n s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3. D\u00e2n \u1edf x\u00e3 Ea \u00d4, huy\u1ec7n Ea Kar, t\u1ec9nh \u0110\u0103k L\u0103k cho bi\u1ebft, t\u1ea1i v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho vay n\u00f3ng, l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t t\u1edbi 2% m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y, d\u00f9 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1n ch\u1ee5c km c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chi nh\u00e1nh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0  “Kh\u00f3 vay ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng, d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o T\u00e2y Nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea3i vay b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, l\u00e3i nh\u1eb9 nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng 60%\/n\u0103m” [2]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u1ed9t doanh nh\u00e2n kinh doanh trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 vay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n 25 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t 1,5% m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 17,7 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng qua t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 ti\u1ec1n m\u1eb7t trao tay tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. Khi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp xoay ti\u1ec1n th\u00ec b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f2i n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 \u00e9p ghi gi\u1ea5y vay n\u1ee3 t\u1edbi 33 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00fang thu gi\u1eef h\u1ed9 kh\u1ea9u, c\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng thanh to\u00e1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh y\u00ean \u1ed5n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 thay. Ch\u00fang c\u00f2n quay phim, ch\u1ee5p \u1ea3nh c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng gi\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u1ee3n n\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o ra c\u01a1 quan c\u00f4ng an, b\u00f4i nh\u1ecd tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 nh\u1eafn tin \u0111e d\u1ecd\u1ea1 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c khi\u1ebfn c\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean \u1ed5n su\u1ed1t n\u0103m qua. [3]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Trong quy m\u00f4 h\u01a1n, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cho vay ngang h\u00e0ng (Peer to Peer \u2013 P2P) \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c.  Theo s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc (NHNN) cho bi\u1ebft, hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 100 c\u00f4ng ty P2P v\u00e0 200 c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb Hoa L\u1ee5c, Nga, Indonesia v\u00e0 Singapore. Theo th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean trang C\u00f4ng an Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n online, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng P2P \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u01b0\u1edbc kho\u1ea3ng 1 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim v\u1edbi 3.000-3.500 giao d\u1ecbch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n C\u1ee5c C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t H\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 (B\u1ed9 C\u00f4ng an) cho bi\u1ebft, trong n\u0103m qua, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t h\u00ecnh s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 truy qu\u00e9t h\u01a1n 300 v\u1ee5 \u00e1n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u01a1n 600 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, tuy nhi\u00ean di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn v\u1eabn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng cho vay n\u1eb7ng l\u00e3i \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u1ea3n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 N\u1ee3 X\u1ea5u do \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc Duy T\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, th\u00ec n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u trong kh\u1ed1i NHTM Vi\u1ec7t nam \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng d\u00f2ng v\u1ed1n v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00ednh an to\u00e0n, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh doanh c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i NHTM. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u00edch l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eb1m b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh doanh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n ngu\u1ed3n v\u1ed1n kinh doanh c\u1ee7a ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Ti\u1ebfn S\u1ef9 C\u1ea5n V\u0103n L\u1ef1c,  Kinh t\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0ng BIDV, Th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh – Ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia cho hay,  \u201cL\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee3 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3 theo Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 01\/2020\/TT-NHNN v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng g\u1ea7n 335.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng cho 270.000 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng. N\u1ebfu chia cho t\u1ed5ng d\u01b0 n\u1ee3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng 8,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n t\u1eeb n\u1ee3 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u00e0 4%. \u0110\u00e2y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m 2021\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Theo th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh qu\u00fd IV\/2020 c\u1ee7a 24 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng (c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 th\u00f4ng tin n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u), t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u c\u00e1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 31\/12 \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng 4,4%<\/strong> so v\u1edbi cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng 86.914 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

10 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u cao nh\u1ea5t 68.288 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m 31\/12 bao g\u1ed3m BIDV*, VPBank,VietinBank*, Sacombank, SHB, Vietcombank*, MB, VIB, Eximbank v\u00e0 LienVietPostBank.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trong s\u1ed1 24 NHTM kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 7 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ghi nh\u1eadn t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u gi\u1ea3m, 17 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u t\u0103ng. N\u1ebfu t\u00ednh theo t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7, th\u00ec Kienlongbank c\u00f3 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u t\u0103ng t\u1edbi 450,6%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

N\u0103m 2021 do n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u t\u0103ng cao, Ng\u00e2n H\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 N\u01b0\u1edbc (NHNN) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e1c NHTM c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed3ng cho vay ph\u1ea3i tr\u00edch ra 0,75% cho qu\u1ef9 tr\u00edch l\u1eadp d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng r\u1ee7i ro chung \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2024.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i NHTM n\u0103m nay s\u1ebd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n, may ra th\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u0103ng b\u1eb1ng n\u0103m 2020 t\u1ee9c kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 8%-10%, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n trung b\u00ecnh c\u00e1c n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean 50%.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ea3ng csVN n\u1eafm gi\u1eef 7 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c doanh: Agribank, Vietcombank, VietinBank, BIDV, GPBank, CBBank v\u00e0 OceanBank c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n<\/strong> to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 5,2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, t\u0103ng 7,12% so v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 2020 v\u00e0 gi\u1eef t\u1ef7 tr\u1ecdng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi 43,4%. Trong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi 3 ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng qu\u1ed1c doanh l\u00e0 BIDV, VietinBank v\u00e0 Vietcombank \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 36.641 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda s\u1ed1 n\u1ee3 n\u00e0y \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nguy c\u01a1 s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t v\u1ed1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n [5].<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i NHTM t\u0103ng cao l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n lo s\u1ee3 r\u00fat ti\u1ec1n ra mua v\u00e0ng, ngo\u1ea1i t\u1ec7 hay ch\u01a1i ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n; \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn thi\u1ebfu thanh kho\u1ea3n trong kh\u1ed1i NHTM. Lo ng\u1ea1i s\u1ebd \u201cv\u1ee1 tr\u1eadn\u201d NHNN ph\u1ea3i b\u01a1m th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng 50 ng\u00e0n t\u1ef7 trong th\u00e1ng 12\/2020, v\u00e0 24 ng\u00e0n t\u1ef7 th\u00e1ng 1\/2021 \u0111\u1ec3 mua v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 kim t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng qua NHTM. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nh\u1edd ti\u1ebfp tay gom M\u1ef9 kim cho NHNN m\u00e0 10 NHTM Vietcombank, VietinBank, BIDV, Sacombank, MB, ACB, ABBank, Eximbank, TPBank v\u00e0 MSB \u0111\u00e3 thu v\u1ec1 l\u00e3i thu\u1ea7n h\u01a1n 11.300 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed3ng, chi\u1ebfm 95% t\u1ed5ng l\u00e3i thu\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a 27 nh\u00e0 b\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. L\u1ee3i nhu\u00e2n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng do kinh doanh ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eddi v\u1ee5\u201d. N\u1ebfu NHNN ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c in th\u00eam ti\u1ec1n m\u1edbi th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng GDP gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea9y n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00e1nh v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u01b0 t\u0103ng l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t, l\u0169ng \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, suy y\u1ebfu ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n. . .<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi NHTM t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch thu h\u1ed3i n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u, th\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi xi\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n, l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1edd v\u00e0o t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. M\u1edbi th\u00e1ng Gi\u00eang 2021, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam 25.752 c\u00f4ng ty ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n, th\u00eam c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n m\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a InsightAsia Research Group c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1i 2019 cho th\u1ea5y, c\u00f3 62% doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng \u0111en \u201cc\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t\u201d ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. [6] T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0a H\u00e0-n\u1ed9i v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u201ch\u1ea7u bao\u201d th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t ph\u1ea3i \u201cgi\u1eadt v\u1ea1t v\u00e1 vai\u201d, quay sang h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m \u0103n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3o Cayman thu\u1ed9c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Caribbean th\u1ea5y m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n lu\u00e2n chuy\u1ec3n qua v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 2,000 t\u1ef7 M\u1ef9 kim, thu l\u1ec7 ph\u00ed chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y 300 tri\u1ec7u M\u1ef9 kim, khi\u1ebfn H\u00e0-n\u1ed9i h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c, qua t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Tr\u01b0\u1edfng K\u1ebf Ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u T\u01b0, Nguy\u1ec5n ch\u00ed D\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n tao ra th\u00eam c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ki\u1ebfm \u0103n, sau d\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u201cS\u1ebfu \u0110\u1ea7u \u0110\u00e0n\u201d,  \u00f4ng D\u0169ng n\u00f3i, n\u0103m nay Vi\u1ec7t nam s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung T\u00e2m T\u00e0i Ch\u00e1nh Qu\u1ed1c T\u1ebf. [7]<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u1ef1 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n sinh ra tham nh\u0169ng, \u00f4ng to th\u00ec \u0103n qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5m th\u00e9p, quan v\u1eeba th\u00ec chia ch\u00e1c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty r\u00fat ru\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2y c\u1ea5t, b\u00e9 n\u1eefa th\u00ec b\u1ea3o k\u00ea cho t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m \u201canh ch\u1ecb\u201d t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebb ra nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. L\u1eeba l\u1ecdc l\u00e0 c\u0103n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea9m th\u1ea5u trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb. . . N\u00ean nh\u1eefng v\u1ee5 \u00e1n nh\u01b0 N\u0103m Cam (1994-2004) hay c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m cho vay c\u1eaft c\u1ed5 tung ho\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, \u00a0s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n h\u1ebft d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y sang di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng song h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ghi ch\u00fa:<\/span><\/span> S\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u ghi trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y m\u1edbi l\u00e0 n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u n\u1ed9i b\u1ea3ng. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd c\u00f2n l\u1edbn h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u khi c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n n\u1ee3, t\u00f9y theo lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u l\u1ea1i th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n tr\u1ea3 n\u1ee3, gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean nh\u00f3m n\u1ee3 d\u1ea7n l\u1ed9 di\u1ec7n khi Th\u00f4ng t\u01b0 s\u1ed1 01 c\u1ee7a NHNN h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n [4]<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tr\u1ea7n Nguy\u00ean Thao<\/strong>
15 Feb 2021<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tham kh\u1ea3o:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

[1] https:\/\/vietnamnet.vn\/vn\/kinh-doanh\/tai-chinh\/kinh-hoang-tin-dung-den-vay-32-ty-tra-188-ty-van-no-18-ty-703546.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[2] https:\/\/vov.vn\/kinh-te\/vay-nang-lai-o-tay-nguyen-giang-luoi-cho-vay-tan-thu-ho-ngheo-734204.vov<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[3] https:\/\/vietnamnet.vn\/vn\/kinh-doanh\/tai-chinh\/tin-dung-den-dai-gia-duong-cung-vay-30-ty-tra-gan-200-ty-van-chua-thoat-no-708061.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[4] https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/tien-te-ngan-hang\/Thong-tu-01-2020-TT-NHNN-thoi-han-tra-no-mien-giam-lai-phi-ho-tro-khach-hang-do-dich-Covid-19-436955.aspx<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[5] [4]https:\/\/firstnewsinworld.com\/vi\/no-xau-tai-3-ong-lon-ngan-hang-da-hon-40-000-ty-hon-nua-trong-so-do-la-no-co-kha-nang-mat-von\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[6] https:\/\/vietnamnet.vn\/vn\/kinh-doanh\/tai-chinh\/tin-dung-den-dai-gia-duong-cung-vay-30-ty-tra-gan-200-ty-van-chua-thoat-no-708061.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n

[7] https:\/\/vnexpress.net\/bo-truong-nguyen-chi-dung-gio-la-luc-lam-trung-tam-tai-chinh-quoc-te-4218601.html<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

N\u1ee3 x\u1ea5u trong kh\u1ed1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (NHTM), g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 qu\u1ed1c doanh v\u00e0 t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i \u201cnguy\u201d cho n\u1ec1n T\u00e0i Ch\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 2021. M\u1ed1i nguy n\u00e0y c\u00f2n b\u1ecb hai kh\u1ed1i cho vay chui, m\u1ed9t do c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty cho vay ngang h\u00e0ng\u0111\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp…<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7359,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,53],"tags":[82,249,187,245],"class_list":["entry","author-ntviet","post-8805","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-chuyenmuc","category-kinhte-chinhtri","tag-kinh-te","tag-tham-nhung","tag-viet-cong","tag-xhcn"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8805","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=8805"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8805\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/7359"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=8805"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=8805"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/vanhoimoi.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=8805"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}